青藏高原退化草甸土壤微生物量、酶化学计量学特征及其影响因素

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.06.025

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 1702-1710.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.06.025

青藏高原退化草甸土壤微生物量、酶化学计量学特征及其影响因素

喻岚晖^1,2, 王杰³, 廖李容^1,2, 张超^1,3, 刘国彬¹

1. 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2020-04-20 修回日期:2020-06-11 发布日期:2020-12-02
通讯作者: 张超
作者简介:喻岚晖(1996-),女,四川南充人,硕士研究生,主要从事植被修复与土壤微生态研究,E-mail:18581722736@163.com
基金资助:
中科院战略性先导专项（XDA20040200）；陕西省创新人才推进计划-青年科技新星项目（2019KJXX-081）；国家自然科学基金项目（41771554）共同资助

Soil Microbial Biomass,Enzyme Activities and Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics and Influencing Factors along Degraded Meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

YU Lan-hui^1,2, WANG Jie³, LIAO Li-rong^1,2, ZHANG Chao^1,3, LIU Guo-bin¹

1. Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry Education, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China

Received:2020-04-20 Revised:2020-06-11 Published:2020-12-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探明草地退化过程中土壤微生物量和酶的变化趋势及其化学计量学特征，对理解草地的退化机理有重要意义。本研究以青藏高原高寒草甸4种不同退化程度（未退化、轻度退化、中度退化、重度退化）草甸为研究对象，分析了土壤微生物量和酶化学计量学特征及其影响因素。结果表明，随草甸退化程度的加剧，土壤有机碳（Soil organic carbon，SOC）、全氮（Total nitrogen，TN）、速效钾（Available potassium，AK）、微生物量碳（Microbial biomass carbon，MBC）和微生物量氮（Microbial biomass nitrogen，MBN）含量显著降低；未退化草甸β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶（β-1，4-Glucosidase，BG）和β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（β-N-Acetylglucosaminidase，NAG）活性显著低于轻度、中度和重度退化；重度退化草甸土壤氮/磷、MBN/MBP显著低于未退化，ln（NAG+LAP）/lnALP取值范围为0.77~0.83，高于全球均值0.44，说明退化引起了该地区的土壤氮限制；相关分析表明微生物量和酶的化学计量比受有机碳和全氮的影响显著。综上，微生物量和酶的化学计量学特征对土壤养分变化响应敏感且能反映土壤养分限制情况。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 草地退化, 微生物生物量, 土壤酶, 生态化学计量学

Abstract: Revealing the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymes and their stoichiometric characteristics is of great significance to understand the degradation mechanism of degraded grassland. In the present study,we surveyed the soil in Qinghai-Tibetan alpine meadows and classified the extent of degradation as undegraded,lightly degraded,moderately degraded,and severely degraded to evaluate the changes in stoichiometric characteristics of microbial biomass and enzymes activities. Results showed that as the meadow degraded,the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC),total nitrogen (TN),available potassium (AK),microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) decreased significantly. Activities of β-1,4-Glucosidase (BG) and β-N-Acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) of the degraded grasslands were significantly higher than that of the undegraded meadow. The ratios of N/P and MBN/MBP in severely degraded meadow were significantly lower than those in undegraded meadow,and ln(NAG+LAP)/lnALP ranged from 0.77 to 0.83,which was higher than the 0.44 (global average value),indicating that the degradation aggravated the soil nitrogen limitation in the studied area. The correlation analysis showed soil microbial biomass,enzyme activities and ecological stoichiometric ratio were positively correlated with SOC and TN. In summary,soil microbial biomass,enzyme activities and ecological stoichiometric ratio were sensitive to soil nutrient change and could reflect soil nutrient limitations.

Key words: Alpine meadow, Grassland degradation, Microbial biomass, Soil enzyme, Ecological stoichiometric

中图分类号:

S154.36

喻岚晖, 王杰, 廖李容, 张超, 刘国彬. 青藏高原退化草甸土壤微生物量、酶化学计量学特征及其影响因素[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(6): 1702-1710.

YU Lan-hui, WANG Jie, LIAO Li-rong, ZHANG Chao, LIU Guo-bin. Soil Microbial Biomass,Enzyme Activities and Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics and Influencing Factors along Degraded Meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(6): 1702-1710.

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青藏高原退化草甸土壤微生物量、酶化学计量学特征及其影响因素

Soil Microbial Biomass,Enzyme Activities and Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics and Influencing Factors along Degraded Meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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