食用菌产业发展历史、现状与趋势

张金霞, 陈强, 黄晨阳, 高巍, 曲积彬

History, current situation and trend of edible mushroom industry development

Jin-Xia ZHANG, Qiang CHEN, Chen-Yang HUANG, Wei GAO, Ji-Bin QU

表3 日本主要种类食用菌产量

Table 3 Production of main cultivated mushrooms in Japan

年度 Year 干香菇 Lentinula edodes (dry) 鲜香菇 Lentinula edodes (fresh) 小孢鳞伞（滑子蘑）Pholiota microspora 金针菇 Flammulina velutipes 糙皮侧耳 Pleurotus ostreatus 斑玉蕈 Hypsizygus marmoreus 灰树花 Grifola frondosa 刺芹侧耳（杏鲍菇） Pleurotus eryngii 松口蘑（松茸） Tricholoma matsutakee 总产量 Total (t) 1971 9291 42105 8351 17232 Unknown - - - 610 77589 1972 9711 48770 9766 26210 Unknown - - - 445 94902 1973 9043 51000 11922 30357 Unknown - - - 564 102886 1974 12262 55473 12800 34148 3498 - - - 546 118727 1975 11356 58560 11416 37493 4761 - - - 774 124360 1976 11189 62510 11259 38973 6621 - - - 604 131156 1977 11487 67388 11861 41843 7553 - - - 428 140560 1978 12669 71910 13776 48881 10751 - - - 620 158607 1979 12280 77517 16513 51853 12276 - - - 658 171097 1980 13579 79855 16776 52565 13660 - - - 457 176892 1981 14735 78365 16348 53282 13079 - - - 208 176017 1982 12560 75777 16499 50985 14396 - - - 484 170701 1983 12025 74680 18141 55769 18305 - - - 742 179662 1984 16685 73921 19577 63283 21712 - - - 180 195358 1985 12065 74706 19793 69530 26211 - 1506 - 820 204631 1986 14098 77952 20079 74378 29746 - 2203 - 199 218655 1987 11803 80940 21054 78129 32188 - 3016 - 464 227594 1988 11888 82678 21049 78070 34838 - 4834 - 406 233763 1989 11066 82395 21125 83200 35716 22349 6167 - 457 262475 1990 11238 79134 22083 92255 33475 29757 7712 - 513 276167 1991 10168 78047 21738 95123 30866 36623 7950 - 267 280782 1992 10036 76804 22104 102834 28100 44458 8950 - 187 293473 1993 9299 77394 22614 103537 23608 48480 9618 - 349 294899 1994 8312 74294 22638 101856 20441 54436 14103 - 120 296200 1995 8070 74495 22858 105752 17166 59760 22757 - 211 311069 1996 6886 75157 22823 108118 14369 66657 27307 1910 359 323586 1997 5786 74782 24522 109324 13243 72024 31135 2166 272 333254 1998 5552 74217 27193 112164 11731 78655 36850 3601 247 350210 1999 5582 70511 25771 113713 9944 84330 39996 5515 147 355509 2000 5236 67224 24942 109510 8546 82414 38998 6734 181 343785 2001 4964 66128 23775 108444 6796 86550 44042 10070 78 350847 2002 4449 64442 24818 110444 5800 83790 46843 19472 52 360110 2003 4108 65363 25068 110185 5210 84356 45805 29882 80 370057 2004 4088 66204 25815 112997 4655 88066 46036 33296 149 381306 2005 4091 65186 24801 114542 4074 99787 45111 34342 39 391973 2006 3861 66349 25615 114630 3384 103249 45985 36435 65 399573 2007 3566 67155 25818 129770 3024 108996 43607 38265 51 420252 2008 3867 70342 25945 131107 2578 108104 43398 38214 71 423626 2009 3601 74962 26138 138501 2424 110741 40998 37223 24 434612 2010 3459 74488 26421 139193 1892 104359 43035 36885 140 429872 2011 3696 71254 25426 143189 2082 118006 44453 38055 36 446197 2012 3705 66476 25816 134097 1883 122276 43251 38163 16 435683 2013 3498 67760 22972 133554 2375 117154 45347 40200 38 432898