中国苹果病害病原菌物名录
戴蓬博,张荣,孙广宇

A checklist of pathogenic fungi on apple in China
DAI Peng-Bo,ZHANG Rong,SUN Guang-Yu
表3 苹果枝干病原菌物名录
Table 3 Species lists of pathogenic fungi of apple shoot
拉丁学名和异名
Scientific names and synonyms
中文名称
Chinese names
分类地位
Taxonomic status
病害
Disease names
参考文献
References
Bjerkandera adusta
(Willd.) P. Karst.
= Polyporus adustus (Willd.)
Fr.(烟色多孔菌)
烟色纤孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
纤孔菌属Bjerkandera
木腐病
Bjerkandera
wood decay
Wang et al.
2018b
Botryosphaeria dothidea
(Moug. Ex Fr.) Ces. Et de Not.
= B. berengeriana De Not.
(贝林格葡萄座腔菌)
葡萄座腔菌 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
葡萄座腔菌属Botryosphaeria
干腐病
Botryosphaeria
canker
Tang et al.
2012
;
Xu et al.
2015
Botryosphaeria obtusa
(Schwein.) Shoemaker
扁柏葡萄座腔菌 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
葡萄座腔菌属Botryosphaeria
干腐病
Botryosphaeria
canker
Wang et al.
2013
Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai
(Hara) G.Y. Sun & E. Tanaka
= Macrophoma kuwatsukai Hara
(轮纹大茎点霉)
= Physalospora pyricola Nose
(梨生囊孢壳)
= Guignardia pyricola (Nose)
W. Yamamoto(梨生球座菌)
= B. berengeriana De Notaris
f. sp. pyricola Koganezawa
& Sakuma(贝伦格葡萄座
腔菌梨生专化性)
粗皮葡萄座腔菌 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
葡萄座腔菌属Botryosphaeria
干腐病
Botryosphaeria
canker;
粗皮病
Wart bark
Peng et al.
2011
;
Xu et al.
2015
Cytospora ceratosperma
(Tode) G.C. Adams & Rossman
= Valsa ceratosperma (Tode)
Maire(黑腐皮壳菌)
壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora canker
Gui et al.
2015
Cytospora leucostoma
(Pers.) Sacc.
= Valsa persoonii Nitschke
(皮尔松黑腐皮壳菌)
核果壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora canker
Liu et al.
2016
Cytospora mali Grove
= Valsa mali Miyabe &
G. Yamada(苹果黑腐皮壳菌)
苹果壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora
canker
Wang et al.
2011
;
Liu et al.
2020b
Cytospora parasitica
C. Norphanphoun,
Bulgakov & K.D. Hyde
寄生壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora canker
Ma et al.
2018
;
Liu et al.
2020b
Cytospora schulzeri Sacc. & P. Syd.
= Valsa malicola Z. Urb.
(苹果生黑腐皮壳菌)
舒尔茨壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora canker
Gui et al.
2015
Cytospora leucosperma (Pers.) Fr.
= Valsa ambiens (Pers.) Fr.
(梨黑腐皮壳菌)
梨壳囊孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
壳囊孢属Cytospora
苹果树腐烂病
Cytospora canker
Tai 1979
Diaporthe amygdali (Delacr.)
Udayanga, Crous & K.D. Hyde
= Phomopsis amygdali (Delacr.)
J.J. Tuset & M.T. Portilla
(桃拟茎点霉)
桃间座壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
间座壳属Diaporthe
枝条溃疡病
Diaporthe
canker
Bai et al.
2015
Diaporthe fukushii
(Tanaka & S. End?) Dissan.
= Phomopsis fukushii Tanaka &
S. End?(福士拟茎点霉)
福士间座壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
间座壳属Diaporthe
枝条溃疡病
Diaporthe
canker
Bai et al.
2015
Diaporthe neotheicola A.J.L.
Phillips & J.M. Santos
新生间座壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
间座壳属Diaporthe
枝条溃疡病
Diaporthe
canker
Bai et al.
2015
Diaporthe nobilis Sacc. & Speg. 壮丽间座壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
间座壳属Diaporthe
枝枯病
Diaporthe
dieback
Sun et al.
2020
Diplodia seriata De Not. 色二孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
色二孢属Diplodia
枝干黑斑病
Shoot black
spot
Zhu et al.
2020
Erythricium salmonicolor
(Berk. & Broome) Burds.
= Corticium salmonicolor
Berk. & Broome(鲑色伏革菌)
鲑色赤革菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
伏革菌目Corticiales;
赤革菌属Erythricium
赤衣病
Erythricium
pink mold
Leng et al.
1982
;
Dai 2012a
Fomes fomentarius
(L. ex Fr.) Kickx
木蹄层孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
层孔菌属Fomes
木腐病
Fomes wood
decay
Hu et al.
2016
Funalia hispida (Bagl.)
M.M. Chen
= Trametes hispida Bagl.
(多毛栓菌)
多粗毛盖菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
毛盖菌属Funalia
木腐病
Funalia wood
decay
Wang et al.
2018b
Funalia trogii (Berk.)
Bondartsev & Singer
硬毛粗毛盖孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
毛盖菌属Funalia
木腐病
Funalia wood
decay
Dai 2012b
Fusarium avenaceum
(Fr.) Sacc.
燕麦镰孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
镰孢属Fusarium
枝枯病
Fusarium
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019b
Fusarium chlamydosporum
Wollenw. & Reinking
= F. sporotrichioides Sherb.
(拟枝孢镰孢菌)
厚垣镰孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
镰孢属Fusarium
枝枯病
Fusarium
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019b
Fusarium proliferatum
(Matsush.) Nirenberg ex
Gerlach & Nirenberg
层出镰孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
镰孢属Fusarium
枝枯病
Fusarium
dieback
Wang et al.
2020a
Fusarium tricinctum
(Corda) Sacc.
三线镰孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
镰孢属Fusarium
枝枯病
Fusarium
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019b
Haplosporella ailanthi
Ellis & Everh.
= Aplosporella ailanthi
Ellis & Everh.
臭椿大单孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
大单孢属Aplosporella
枝枯病
Haplosporella
dieback
Tai 1979
Inonotus hispidus (Bull.) P. Karst.
= Xanthochrous hispidus (Bull.)
Pat(粗毛黄孔菌)
粗毛纤孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
刺革菌目Hymenochaetales;
纤孔菌属Inonotus
木腐病
Inonotus
wood decay
Tai 1979
Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae
A.J.L. Phillips, A. Alves & Crous
假可可毛色二孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
毛色二孢属Lasiodiplodia
枝枯病
Lasiodiplodia
dieback
Xue et al.
2019
;
Pan et al.
2020
Leptosphaeria mandshurica Miura 东北小球腔菌 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
格孢腔菌目Pleosporales;
小球腔菌Leptosphaeria
枝枯病
Leptosphaeria
dieback
Tai 1979
Mycosphaerella pomi (Pass.) Lindau
= Phoma pomi Schulzer & Sacc.
(苹果茎点霉)
仁果球腔菌 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
煤炱目Capnodiales;
球腔菌属Mycosphaerella
枝枯病
Mycosphaerella
dieback
Tai 1979
Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. 朱红丛赤壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
丛赤壳属Nectria
枝条溃疡病
Nectria canker
Wang et al.
2016
Neocosmospora solani (Mart.)
L. Lombard & Crous
= Fusarium solani (Mart.)
Sacc.(腐皮镰孢菌)
腐皮新赤壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
新赤壳属Neocosmospora
枝枯病
Neocosmospora
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019b
Neofusicoccum ribis
(Slippers, Crous & M.J. Wingf.) Crous
= Botryosphaeria ribis (Tode)
Grossenb. et Duggar
(茶藨子葡萄座腔菌)
茶藨子新壳梭孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
新壳梭孢属Neofusicoccum
干腐病
Neofusicoccum
canker
Tai 1979
Neonectria ditissima (Tul. & C. Tul.)
Samuels & Rossman
= Cylindrocarpon mali (Allesch.)
Wollenw.(苹果柱孢)
= Nectria ditissima Tul. & C. Tul.
(鲜红丛赤壳)
鲜红新丛赤壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
肉座菌目Hypocreales;
新丛赤壳属Neonectria
梭疤病
Spindle scar
Tai 1979
Nothophoma quercina
(Syd. & P. Syd.) Q. Chen & L. Cai
栎假茎点霉 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
格孢腔菌目Pleosporales;
假茎点霉属Nothophoma
枝条溃疡病
Nothophoma
canker
Liu et al.
2018c
Phellinus orientoasiaticus
L.W. Zhou & Y.C. Dai
东亚木层孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
刺革菌目Hymenochaetales;
木层孔菌属Phellinus
木腐病
Phellinus
wood
decay
Zhou et al.
2016
Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs
= Diaporthe longicolla (Hobbs)
J.M. Santos(大豆间座壳)
大豆拟茎点霉 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
拟茎点霉属Phomopsis
枝条溃疡病
Phomopsis
canker
Bai et al.
2015
Phomopsis truncicola Miura 茎生拟茎点霉 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
拟茎点霉属Phomopsis
枝枯病
Phomopsis
dieback
Tai 1979
Phomopsis velata (Sacc.) Traverso
= Diaporthe eres Nitschke
(甜樱间座壳)
盖拟茎点霉 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
间座壳菌目Diaporthales;
拟茎点霉属Phomopsis
枝条溃疡病
Phomopsis
canker
Bai et al.
2015
Phytophthora gonapodyides
(H.E. Petersen) Buisman
节水霉状疫霉 卵菌门Oomycota;
卵菌纲Oomycetes;
霜霉目Peronosporales;
疫霉属Phytophthora
枝枯病
Phytophthora
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019a
Phytophthora gregata T. Jung,
Stukely & T.I. Burgess
聚疫霉 卵菌门Oomycota;
卵菌纲Oomycetes;
霜霉目Peronosporales;
疫霉属Phytophthora
枝枯病
Phytophthora
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019a
Phytophthora lacustris Brasier,
Cacciola, Nechw.,
T. Jung & Bakonyi
湖沼疫霉 卵菌门Oomycota;
卵菌纲Oomycetes;
霜霉目Peronosporales;
疫霉属Phytophthora
枝枯病
Phytophthora
dieback
Cheng et al.
2019a
Phytophthora plurivora
T. Jung & T.I. Burgess
多主疫霉 卵菌门Oomycota;
卵菌纲Oomycetes;
霜霉目Peronosporales;
疫霉属Phytophthora
枝枯病
Phytophthora
dieback
Liu et al.
2018a
Rigidoporus populinus
(Schumach.) Pouzar
杨树硬孔菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
硬孔菌属Rigidoporus
木腐病
Rigidoporus
wood decay
Dai 2012a
Schizophyllum commune Fr. 普通裂褶菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
伞菌目Agaricales;
裂褶菌属Schizophyllum
木腐病
Schizophyllum
wood decay
Hu et al.
2016
Septobasidium tanakae
(Miyabe) Boedijn & B.A. Steinm.
= Helicobasidium tanakae Miyabe
(田中卷旋担子菌)
田中隔担子菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
柄锈菌纲Pucciniomycetes;
隔担菌目Septobasidiales;
隔担菌属Septobasidium
膏药病
Plaster disease
Liu 1996a
Sporocadus lichenicola Corda
= Griphosphaeria corticola
(Fuckel) H?hn.
(树皮生隔孢壳)
苔藓落孢壳 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
粪壳菌纲Sordariomycetes;
圆孔壳目Amphisphaeriales;
落孢壳属Sporocadus
枝枯病
Sporocadus
dieback
Liu 1996a
Thyrostroma carpophilum
(Lév.) B. Sutton
= Coryneum beyerinckii
Oudem.(桃棒盘孢菌)
嗜果门座孢 子囊菌门Ascomycota;
座囊菌纲Dothideomycetes;
葡萄座腔菌目Botryosphaeriales;
门座孢属Thyrostroma
苗溃疡病
Seedling canker
Liu 1996a
Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd
= Coriolus versicolor (L.) Quél.
(彩绒革盖菌)
彩绒栓菌 担子菌门Basidiomycota;
伞菌纲Agaricomycetes;
多孔菌目Polyporales;
栓菌属Trametes
木腐病
Trametes
wood decay
Tai 1979