草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 96-104.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.01.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄菖蒲花部特征及繁育习性研究

范少茹1, 符佳豪1, 庄秋荣1, 张永侠1, 王银杰1, 张婷1, 刘清泉1, 田松青2, 原海燕1   

  1. 1. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 江苏 南京 210014;
    2. 苏州农业职业技术学院, 江苏 苏州 215008
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-22 修回日期:2022-09-06 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 原海燕, E-mail:yuanhaiyan416@163.com
  • 作者简介:范少茹(1999-),女,汉族,河南濮阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事遗传育种方向研究,E-mail:18639933653@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业科技推广示范基金项目(苏[2021]TG04);江苏省水利科技项目(2021078);江苏省省级作物种质资源库(JS-ZW-K04)资助

Studies on Floral Syndrome and Breeding Habits of Iris pseudacorus

FAN Shao-ru1, FU Jia-hao1, ZHUANG Qiu-rong1, ZHANG Yong-xia1, WANG Yin-jie1, ZHANG Ting1, LIU Qing-quan1, TIAN Song-qing2, YUAN Hai-yan1   

  1. 1. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210014, China;
    2. Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215008, China
  • Received:2022-06-22 Revised:2022-09-06 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-02-07

摘要: 该研究旨在通过定点观察与人工授粉等方法,为黄菖蒲生殖生物学与杂交育种提供理论依据。对引种多年的黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus L.)的花器官特征、开花动态、花粉形态及活力、柱头可授性、繁育习性与访花昆虫进行了观察与研究,结果表明,黄菖蒲在南京地区为4月下—5月上开花,雌雄异熟;花粉活力与柱头可授性均为开花当天最强,随后下降;雌雄异位,开花过程中柱头向下弯曲,雄蕊始终短于柱头;花粉/胚珠比380.4,杂交指数为5。黄菖蒲的繁育习性为异交为主,部分自交亲和,需要传粉者,自然状态下存在花粉限制,不存在无融合生殖现象,黑纹食蚜蝇为潜在传粉者。

关键词: 黄菖蒲, 花部特征, 开花动态, 繁育习性, 访花昆虫

Abstract: In this study,to provide a theoretical basis for the reproductive biology and hybrid breeding of I. pseudacorus, the floral characteristic,flowering process,pollen morphology and vitality,stigma receptivity,breeding habits,and flower-visiting insects of Iris pseudacorus L. were observed. The results showed that I. pseudacorus bloomed from April to May in Nanjing,and showed dichogamy;both pollen vitality and stigma receptivity were the strongest on the day of flowering,and then decreased;the stigma bent downward during flowering and the stamen was always shorter than the stigma;the pollen/ovule ratio was 380.4,the outcrossing index (OCI) was 5. The breeding habits of I. pseudacorus was mainly outcrossing,some self-compatibility and pollinators were required. There was pollen limitation in the natural state,and there was no apomixis phenomenon. Episyrphus balteatus were potential pollinators.

Key words: Iris pseudacorus, Floral syndrome, Flowering dynamics, Breeding habits, Flower visiting insects

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