草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3477-3485.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

含水量、混合比例对饲用燕麦+田菁混合青贮品质的影响

郭圣泽, 杜晓波, 张嘉烨, 王偲萌, 刘贵河   

  1. 河北北方学院动物科技学院, 河北 张家口 075000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-09 修回日期:2026-01-13 发布日期:2026-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 刘贵河, E-mail: guiheliu@sina.com
  • 作者简介:郭圣泽(1992-),男,汉族,河北张家口人,硕士研究生,主要从事草产品加工方向研究,E-mail:315457385@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助

Effects of Moisture Content and Mixing Ratio on Mixed Silage Quality of Avena sativa and Sesbania cannabina

GUO Sheng-ze, DU Xiao-bo, ZHANG Jia-ye, WANG Si-meng, LIU Gui-he   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province 075000, China
  • Received:2025-12-09 Revised:2026-01-13 Published:2026-09-11

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摘要： 为探讨含水量及混合比例对饲用燕麦（Avena sativa）+田菁（Sesbania cannabina）混合青贮品质的影响，本试验设3个含水量梯度（55%~60%，60%~65%，65%~70%）和7个混合比例（鲜重比，从100∶0至0∶100），真空青贮60 d后测定其营养品质和发酵品质指标，并用隶属函数法进行综合评价。结果表明：含水量、混合比例及其交互作用对青贮品质有显著影响（P<0.05）。随着含水量升高，干物质、粗蛋白、水溶性碳水化合物含量降低，纤维、乳酸含量及相对牧草质量升高，pH值与丁酸含量先降后升，乙酸含量先升后降。在混合比例方面，燕麦单贮干物质含量最高，田菁单贮粗蛋白、水溶性碳水化合物、乳酸含量最高，混合比例为30∶70（燕麦∶田菁）时相对牧草质量相对最优，提高田菁比例可降低纤维含量，各处理pH值均低于4.2。综合评价表明，含水量为 60%~65%、燕麦∶田菁比例为30∶70的混贮效果最佳；含水量为55%~60%田菁单贮，其品质亦表现优良。生产中推荐前者以实现营养均衡，若追求高营养与单一原料利用，可选用后者。

关键词: 含水量, 混合比例, 燕麦, 田菁, 青贮品质

Abstract: To explore the effects of moisture content and mixing ratio on the silage quality of Avena sativa and Sesbania cannabina mixed silage， this experiment was designed with three moisture content gradients （55%-60%， 60%-65%， 65%-70%） and seven mixing ratios （fresh weight ratio from 100∶0 to 0∶100）. Samples were vacuum ensiled for 60 days， after which nutritional and fermentation quality indices were determined， and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the membership function method. The results showed that moisture content， mixing ratio， and their interaction had significant effects on silage quality （P<0.05）. With the increase of moisture content， dry matter （DM）， crude protein （CP） and water-soluble carbohydrates （WSC） decreased， while fiber content， lactic acid （LA） content and relative forage quality （RFQ） increased. pH and butyric acid （BA） decreased first and then increased， and acetic acid （AA） increased first and then decreased. Among the mixing ratios， Avena sativa silage had the highest DM content， Sesbania cannabina silage had the highest CP， WSC， and LA contents， and the 30∶70 mixture （Avena sativa∶Sesbania cannabina） exhibited the optimal RFQ. Higher Sesbania cannabina ratios resulted in lower fiber contents. The pH values of all treatments were below 4.2. Comprehensive evaluation revealed that the mixed silage with 60%-65% moisture content and an Avena sativa-to-Sesbania cannabina ratio of 30：70 performed the best， and Sesbania cannabina silage with 55%-60% moisture content also showed excellent quality. The former can be recommended in production to achieve balanced nutrition， and the latter can be adopted for high nutrient value and single raw material utilization.

Key words: Moisture content, Mixing ratio, Avena sativa, Sesbania cannabina, Silage quality

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