草地学报

›› 2001, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4): 248-252.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2001.04.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2000年我国草原鼠害发生状况及防治对策

施大钊1, 钟文勤2   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学, 北京, 100094;
    2. 中国科学院动物所, 北京, 100080
  • 收稿日期:2001-02-08 修回日期:2001-05-31 出版日期:2001-11-15 发布日期:2001-11-15
  • 作者简介:施大钊(1955- ),男,毕业于内蒙古农牧学院,现在中国农业大学从事鼠害防治研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970492)

The Damage of Rodent Occurring in China Grassland in 2000 and its Management Strategy

SHI Da-zhao1, ZHONG Wen-qin2   

  1. 1. China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China;
    2. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
  • Received:2001-02-08 Revised:2001-05-31 Online:2001-11-15 Published:2001-11-15

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摘要： 2000年我国青海、新疆、内蒙古、四川分别发生不同程度的草原鼠害,经济损失巨大。对鼠害发生区的草原以及江源地区的生态环境和水土保持造成严重破坏。草原鼠灾发生的主要特点是:害鼠以小型群居鼠类或地下生活的鼠种为主。草原害鼠加剧了草场退化和荒漠化进程。过度或不合理放牧是鼠灾“爆发”的诱发成因。本文提出防治鼠害发生的对策:建立健全鼠灾预警系统;推广综合防治示范区;讲究合理用药与用药安全;加强对牧工的培训,合理安排草场载畜量;统筹安排畜牧、环境保护与卫生部门的经费,发挥地方政府和群众及各方面积极性。

关键词: 中国草原鼠害, 成灾原因, 防治对策

Abstract: The damage of rodents in grassland occurred in qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, western sichuan in different level respectively and the loss was huge in 2000, which causes serious damage to local grassland and ecological environment of the river source arreas. The obvious character is followed (1)the pests are mainly small rodents living in group and those living under ground. (2) the pests increase the grassland degradation and the desert process. (3)herding excessively is the important cause leading to the rodents’ outbreak. So the management strategy is suggested as followed: (1)the pests monitoring and warning system must be established soon. (2)development of the IPM district is necessary. (3)the use of rodentcides correctly and safely is required. (4)strengthen the training for herdman and arrange the capacity of grassland for heds scientifically. (4)arrange the fund overall from sectors concerned to exert the positive function of local government and common people, etc.

Key words: Rodent damage in grassland in China, Damage analysis, Management strategy

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