草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 971-979.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.05.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土高塬沟壑区植物对土质路蓄水减沙及水力参数的影响

欧阳潮波1, 王文龙1,2, 黄鹏飞3, 朱宝才1,4, 李建明1, 李艳富5, 王浩6   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    3. 江西省水土保持科学研究院 土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室, 江西 南昌 330029;
    4. 山西农业大学林学院, 山西 太谷 030801;
    5. 南京水利科学研究院, 江苏 南京 210000;
    6. 清华大学 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-27 修回日期:2014-03-13 出版日期:2014-10-15 发布日期:2014-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 王文龙
  • 作者简介:欧阳潮波（1989-），男，湖南娄底人，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤侵蚀和水土保持，E-mail：ouyang2334@163.com；
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“三江源河湖沉积物的风沙侵蚀及生态修复研究”（51309154）；国家“十一五”科技支撑项目“高塬沟壑区农果林多元综合治理模式研究与示范”（2006BAD09B09-01）；黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室专项（20502-T1）资助

Water Storage, Sediment Reduction and Hydraulic Parameters as Affected by Vegetation on Earth Roads in the Gully Area of the Loess Tableland

OUYANG Chao-bo1, WANG Wen-long1,2, HUANG Peng-fei3, ZHU Bao-cai1,4, LI Jian-ming1, LI Yan-fu5, WANG Hao6   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A & F University , Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    3. Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330029, China;
    4. College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, China;
    5. Nanjing Hudraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210000, Chian;
    6. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering , Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2013-11-27 Revised:2014-03-13 Online:2014-10-15 Published:2014-09-30

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摘要：

采用野外放水冲刷试验，分析黄土高塬沟壑区种植冰草对道路蓄水减沙及水动力参数的影响。研究结果将为黄土高塬沟壑区沟坡防治与区域生态环境治理提供科学依据与途径。结果表明：当坡度为3°，6°和9°时，植物路平均蓄水量较土质路分别增加13.01%，22.45%和24.60%，而输沙量分别减少45.52%，68.34%和74.22%，道路的入渗率随放水历时呈双曲线型变化；输沙模数与放水流量呈显著线性相关，与流速呈二次函数关系；植物路通过降低流速、提高阻力系数达到减沙目的。

关键词: 黄土高塬沟壑区, 植物路, 蓄水减沙, 水动力学参数

Abstract:

Effects of planting wheatgrass on the water storage, sediment reduction and hydraulic parameters of earth road were studied by a field scouring experiment. This study may provide a scientific basis and an approach for protecting gully slopes and improving regional eco-environment in the gully of the loess tableland.Results showed that in comparison with earth road, the average water storages of plant-covered road with 3°, 6° and 9° slopes increased by 13.01%, 22.45% and 24.60%, and the sediment yields of the plant-covered road with the three slopes decreased by 45.52%, 68.34% and 74.22%, respectively. The rate of infiltration into road varied hyperbolically with water discharging time, while sediment transport modulus had a significant liner correlation with inflow discharge and was the quadratic function of flow velocity. Plant-covered road reduced the sediment yield by decreasing flow velocity and increasing resistance coefficient.

Key words: Gully area of loess tableland, Plant-covered road, Runoff and sediment reduction, Hydrodynamic parameters

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