草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 2677-2687.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

灌溉和免耕补播修复榆阳区退化草原效果评价

张浩1, 董天宇1, 郭定新1, 杨高文2, 张利平3, 任波3, 杨军卫3, 霍延卫3, 刘丹4, 郭凯威4, 张英俊2   

  1. 1. 河南牧业经济学院动物科技学院/河南省草畜工程技术研究中心, 河南 郑州 450046;
    2. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
    3. 榆林市榆阳区草原工作站, 陕西 榆林 719000;
    4. 德邦大为(芜湖)农机有限公司, 安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-28 修回日期:2025-12-09 发布日期:2026-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 张英俊，E-mail:zhangyj@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张浩（1991-），男，汉族，河南渑池人，博士，主要从事草地建植与利用的研究，E-mail:Zhanghaolyyg2009@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重点研发与推广专项（科技攻关）（242102110021）；河南牧业经济学院博士科研启动资金项目（2023HNUAHEDF010）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（32401499）；国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-34）资助

Evaluation of the Effects of Irrigation and No-till Reseeding on Restoring Degraded Grassland in Yuyang District

ZHANG Hao1, DONG Tian-yu1, GUO Ding-xin1, YANG Gao-wen2, ZHANG Li-ping3, REN Bo3, YANG Jun-wei3, HUO Yan-wei3, LIU Dan4, GUO Kai-wei4, ZHANG Ying-jun2   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan Engineering Research Center for Grassland and Livestock, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450046, China;
    2. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. Yuyang District Grassland Station of Yulin City, Yulin, Shaanxi Province 719000, China;
    4. Debont (Wuhu) Agricultural Machinery Co. Ltd, Wuhu, Anhui Province 241000, China
  • Received:2025-08-28 Revised:2025-12-09 Published:2026-07-02

PDF

摘要： 本研究以陕西省榆阳区退化草原为研究对象，采用灌溉及在灌溉的基础上免耕补播紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa，仅补播当年灌溉）修复退化草原，通过调查围栏封育、灌溉、补播当年和补播第四年草地植被特征，评估以上措施对退化草原植被恢复的影响，以期为该地区退化草原的修复提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）灌溉、补播当年和补播第四年草地生物量和植物多样性显著高于围栏封育草地，但仅实施灌溉导致一年生禾草和杂类草比例显著增加、多年生禾草比例显著降低，对草地生态系统稳定性造成潜在威胁；（2）与灌溉相比，补播当年草地豆科牧草比例显著提高、一年生禾草比例显著降低，优化了群落结构；（3）补播第四年草地生物量高达5321 kg·hm-2，是围栏封育和灌溉的5.58和2.63倍，紫花苜蓿生物量占比达67.78%，不仅维持了植物多样性还表现出较高的生产潜力。综上，紫花苜蓿可在该地退化草原中长期维持并提高草原生产力，免耕补播紫花苜蓿（仅补播当年灌溉）可作为该地区退化草原修复的主要措施。

关键词: 草原修复, 围栏封育, 灌溉, 免耕补播, 紫花苜蓿

Abstract: This study implemented no-till reseeding of alfalfa （Medicago sativa） with irrigation （applied only in the establishment year） to restore degraded grassland in Yuyang district， Shaanxi Province. By investigating vegetation characteristics of enclosure， irrigation， the first year and the fourth year of alfalfa reseeding grasslands， the effects of restoration measures were evaluated to provide technical supports for the restoration of degraded grasslands in this region. The results showed that： （1） irrigation， as well as the first year and the fourth year of reseeding， significantly increased vegetation biomass and plant diversity compared to enclosure alone， while irrigation alone significantly increased the dry weight proportion （DWP） of annual grass and forb in the vegetation and decreased that of perennial grass， posing a potential threat to grassland ecosystem stability； （2） compared to irrigation alone， reseeding in the first year significantly increased the DWP of legume and decreased that of annual grass in the vegetation， indicating an optimized community structure； （3） as for reseeding in the fourth year， the community biomass reached 5321 kg·hm-2， which was 5.58 and 2.63 times that of the enclose and irrigation， respectively， and there was 67.78% of the biomass contributed by the reseeded alfalfa， demonstrating high production potential while maintaining plant diversity. In conclusion， the reseeded alfalfa could be maintained in the improved grassland over the long term and reseeding alfalfa with irrigation （applied only in the establishment year） can be served as a primary measure for restoring the degraded grassland in this region.

Key words: Grassland restoration, Enclosure, Irrigation, No-till reseeding, Medicago sativa

中图分类号: