草地学报

›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 25-29.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同海拔下高寒草甸土壤养分分异趋势及其与地上植物量间的相关性研究

德科加1,2, 张德罡1, 王伟2, 徐成体2, 张明2, 魏希杰2   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 青海省畜牧兽医科学院, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-31 修回日期:2012-11-15 出版日期:2013-02-15 发布日期:2013-02-27
  • 作者简介:德科加(1974-),男,藏族,青海大通人,研究员,博士研究生,主要从事草地生态、牧草加工及利用的研究工作,E-mail:kjde@yahoo.cn;
  • 基金资助:
    农业部公益性行业专项(201203007)资助

Differentiation of Soil Nutrients along Altitude Gradient and Its Relationship with Aboveground Biomass in Alpine Meadow

Dekejia1,2, ZHANG De-gang1, WANG Wei2, XU Cheng-ti2, ZHANG Ming2, WEI Xi-jie2   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
  • Received:2012-08-31 Revised:2012-11-15 Online:2013-02-15 Published:2013-02-27

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摘要： 以青海省称多地区高寒草甸6个海拔梯度(4056,4221,4263,4293,4332,4427 m)样地为对象,通过测定土壤养分质量分数,研究了土壤养分随海拔梯度的变化规律及其与地上植物量的相关关系。结果表明:土壤有机质、全氮(N)、速效N、速效磷(P)、速效钾(K)的质量分数随海拔均呈"U"型分异趋势;土壤全P质量分数随海拔梯度的变化相对稳定;土壤全K、全N、速效N、速效K、速效P、土壤有机质的质量分数与地上植物量呈相似的变化趋势,其中,土壤全N、速效K与地上植物量成显著正相关(P<0.05)。土壤全N、土壤有机质、速效N、速效P和速效K是影响地上植物量的第1主成分,土壤全P和全K是第2主成分,累计贡献率为78.77%。

关键词: 地上植物量, 土壤养分, 高寒草甸, 海拔梯度

Abstract: The mass fractions of soil nutrients for alpine meadows in Qinghai were measured to analyze their differentiation and relationships between soil nutrients and aboveground biomass at different altitudes (4056, 4221, 4263, 4293, 4332, 4427 m). Results indicated that the mass fractions of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were higher at the first and sixth gradient, whereas were lower at the middle gradients. Total phosphorus content showed a stable pattern with the increase of altitude gradient. The plant aboveground biomass varied similarly with the total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen and available potassium contents. There were significant positive correlations between biomass and total nitrogen, available potassium. Total nitrogen, soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium constituted the first principal component of affecting plant aboveground biomass. Total phosphorus and total potassium constituted the second principal component. These two principal components contributed 78.77% to the variance of aboveground biomass.

Key words: Aboveground biomass, Soil nutrient, Alpine meadow, Altitude gradient

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