8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.032

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 1370-1376.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.032

8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析

张咏梅¹, 白小明^2,3,4, 田彥锋^2,3,4, 龚良建⁵

1. 甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
3. 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070;
4. 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070;
5. 甘肃农业大学园艺学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2019-04-24 修回日期:2019-08-25 出版日期:2019-10-15 发布日期:2019-11-09
通讯作者: 白小明
作者简介:张咏梅(1974-),女,甘肃武威人,博士,副研究员,主要从事草业科学与植物生理学研究,E-mail:zhangyongm@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（31560667）资助

Description of Anatomical Traits of Leaves and Adaptability Analysis of Eight Ornamental Grasses

ZHANG Yong-mei¹, BAI Xiao-ming^2,3,4, TIAN Yan-feng^2,3,4, GONG Liang-jian⁵

1. Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid land Crop Scince, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
2. Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070;
4. Sino-U. S. Centers for Grazing land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
5. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China

Received:2019-04-24 Revised:2019-08-25 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究观察了芒（M.sinensis）属4种观赏草[花叶芒（M.sinensis ‘Variegatus’）、斑叶芒（Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’）、纤细芒（M.sinensis ‘Gracilimus’）、金酒吧芒（M.sinensis ‘Gold Bar’）]、芨芨草（Achnatherum splendes）、画眉草（Eragrostis pilosa）、蓝茎冰草（Agropyron smithii）和柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum）叶片结构的解剖学特点，并分析其环境适应性，为观赏草的引种推广和景观配置提供解剖学理论基础。观察发现：这些观赏草具有一般单子叶植物叶片结构特点，且平行叶脉在画眉草、柳枝稷及4种芒属观赏草中发达，在芨芨草和蓝茎冰草中次发达。叶脉外有明显的维管束鞘细胞，成花环形排列。画眉草、芒属、柳枝稷维管束鞘细胞中含有丰富的大型叶绿体，是典型的C₄植物；前两种观赏草主脉由多个大小不一的叶脉和大量薄壁细胞组成。芨芨草和蓝茎冰草为C₃植物，叶肉细胞间气腔发达。芨芨草大、小叶脉尺寸相差巨大，大、小叶脉相间排列，具泡状细胞，具有典型卷叶植物的特点。这8种观赏草叶片多具有中生或旱生结构，对环境的适应性强，结构特点和适应策略各有特色。

关键词: 观赏草, 叶脉, 维管束鞘, 泡状细胞, 气腔

Abstract: To promote the use of ornamental grasses and provide basic knowledge of how to use them for landscape configuration,we observed the anatomical structure of leaves and analyzed the environmental adaptability of Miscanthus sinensis (including ‘Variegatus’,‘Zebrinus’,‘Gracilimus’,‘Gold Bar’), Achnatherum splendes,Eragrostis pilosa,Agropyron smithii,Panicum virgatum. The leaves of these 8 ornamental grasses showed structure traits of general monocotyledonous leaf. In addition,the parallel veins were well developed in M. sinensis, E. pilosa, P. virgatum, while less developed in A. splendes and A. smithii. There were obvious pericycle cells surrounding the vein into a garland shape. The pericycle cells in M. sinensis,E. pilosa,P. virgatum were full of large chloroplasts,indicating these grasses are typical C₄ plants. In M. sinensis and E. pilosa,the developed midrib were composed of several vascular bundles in different sizes and a large number of parenchyma cells,A. splendes and A. smithii are typical C₃ plants,they had developed air-space among mesophyll cells. The veins in A. splendes are greatly different in size,big and small veins arrangemnt alternately,and the bulliform cells showed a characteristic of rolling leaf. These 8 ornamental grasses had mesophytic or xerophytic leaf structures,and were highly adaptable to the environment.

Key words: Ornamental Grasses, Vein, Pericycle, Bulliform cell, Gas cavity

中图分类号:

Q944.5

张咏梅, 白小明, 田彥锋, 龚良建. 8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(5): 1370-1376.

ZHANG Yong-mei, BAI Xiao-ming, TIAN Yan-feng, GONG Liang-jian. Description of Anatomical Traits of Leaves and Adaptability Analysis of Eight Ornamental Grasses[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(5): 1370-1376.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.032

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/Y2019/V27/I5/1370

参考文献

[1] Oakes A. J. Ornamental grasses and grass-like plant[M]. New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1990:4-6
[2] Meyer M H. Ornamental grasses in the United States. In:Jules Janick (Ed). Horticultural Reviews[M]. Jules Janick (Ed). Wiley-Blackwell,2012,39:121-147
[3] Trigg,Lois B. The south embraces ornamental grasses[M]. Birmingham:Southern Living,1989:79-80
[4] 刘建秀. 草坪地被植物观赏草[M]. 南京:东南大学出版社,2001:1
[5] 高鹤,宗俊勤,陈静波,等. 7种优良观赏草光合生理日变化及光响应特征研究[J]. 草业学报,2010,19(4):87-93
[6] 马威. 5种观赏草的抗寒抗旱性研究[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2014:12-47
[7] 李振朝,韦志刚,文军,等. 近50年黄土高原气候变化特征分析[J]. 干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(3):57-62
[8] 马芳蕾,陈莹,聂晶晶,等. 4种芒属观赏草对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J]. 森林与环境学报,2016,36(2):180-187
[9] 李秀玲,刘开强,刘君,等. 干旱胁迫对六种观赏草枯叶率及生理指标的影响[J]. 中国草地学报,2012,34(4):93-99
[10] 李娜. 画眉草在温度和水分胁迫下的适应性研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学,2010:1-11
[11] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2004:217-223
[12] 常根柱,杨志强,杨红善. 美国蓝茎冰草、中间偃麦草、高冰草引种试验[J]. 草业科学,2009,26(3):68-71
[13] 吴珍兰,卢生莲. 论世界芨芨草属(禾本科)的地理分布[J]. 植物分类学报,1995,34(2):152-161
[14] 杜菲,杨富裕,Casler MD,等. 美国能源草柳枝稷的研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学,2010.38(35):20334-20339
[15] 王勋陵,王静. 植物形态结构与环境[M]. 兰州:兰州大学出版社,1988:138-148
[16] Castro-Diez P,Puyravaud J P,Cornelissen J H C. Leaf structure and anatomy as related to leaf mass per variation in seedling of a wide range of woody plant species and types[J]. Oecologia,2000,124(4):476-486
[17] Terashima I,Hanba YT,Tholen D,et al. Leaf functional anatomy in relation to photosynthesis[J]. Plant Physiology,2011,155:108-116
[18] Zhou Y,Wang H,Zhang SZ. Phytplogy[M]. Beijing:Beijing Normal University Press,1988:93
[19] Chartzoulakisa K,Patakasb A,Ko?disc G,et al. Water stress affects leaf anatomy,gas exchange,water relations and growth of two avocado cultivars[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2002,95:39-50
[20] Zhang YM,Ma HL,Calderón-Urrea A,et al. Anatomical changes to protect organelle integrity account for tolerance to alkali and salt stresses in Melilotus officinalis[J]. Plant & Soil,2016,406:327-340
[21] Artemios M B,George Kofidis. Comparative effects of drought stress on leaf anatomy of two olive cultivars[J]. Plant Science,2002,163(2):375-379
[22] Kolattukudy P E. Biosynthetic pathways of cutin and waxes,and their sensitivity to environmental stresses. In:Kerstiens G.(Ed). Plant Cuticles[M]. Oxford:BIOS Scientific Publishers,1996:83-108
[23] Jetter R,Kunst L,Samuels AL. Composition of plant cuticular waxes. In:Biology of the Plant Cuticle[M]. Riederer M,Müller C(Ed). Hoboken:Blackwell Publishing,2006:145-181
[24] Jenks M A,Hasegawa P M. Plant abiotic stress[M]. Hoboken:Blackwell Publishing,2014:15-63
[25] Martin J T,Juniper B E. The cuticles of Plants[M]. London:Edward Arnold Ltd,1970:7
[26] Scott Freeman,Kim Quillin,Lizabeth Allison. Biological Science[M]. Boston:Pearson Education Inc,2014:47-54
[27] Xiang Jing-Jing,Zhang Guang-Heng,Qian Qian,et al. Semi-rolled leaf1 encodes a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein and modulates rice leaf rolling by regulating the formation of bulliform cells[J]. Plant Physiology,2012,159:1488-1500
[28] Bead W.J. The bulliform or hygroscopic cells of grasses and sedges compared[J]. Botanical Gazette,1886,11(12):321-326
[29] Björkman O. Environmental and biological control of photosynthesis:inaugural address. In:Marcelle R.(Ed). Environmental and Biological Control of Photosynthesis[M]. The Hague:Dr. W. Junk,Publ,1975:1-16.
[30] Björkman O,Mooney H A,Ehleringer J. Photosynthetic responses of plants from habitats with contrasting thermal environments[J]. Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book,1975,74:743-748
[31] Black C C Jr. Photosynthetic carbon fixation in relation to net CO₂ uptake[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology,1973,24:253-286
[32] Hatch M D. Chemical energy costs for CO2 fixation by plants with differing photosynthetic pathways. In:Prediction and Measurement of Photosynthetic Productivity[M]. Wageningen:Pudoc,1970:215-220
[33] Long S P. C4 photosynthesis at low temperatures[J]. Plant,Cell and Environment,1983,(6):345-363
[34] Teeiu J,Stowe L G. Climatic patterns and the distribution of C₄ grasses in North America[J]. Oecologia,1976,23:1-12

8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析

Description of Anatomical Traits of Leaves and Adaptability Analysis of Eight Ornamental Grasses

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李秀玲, 刘开强, 杨志民, 李立志, 卜朝阳, 邓俭英, 刘君. 干旱胁迫对4种观赏草枯叶率及生理指标的影响[J]. , 2012, 20(1): 76-82.
[2]	周阳, 陈雅君, 张楚涵, 朱琨, 李雪, 王晶懋. 三叶草不同品种叶结构特征与抗旱性的关系[J]. , 2011, 19(2): 222-226.
[3]	武菊英, 滕文军, 袁小环, 杨学军. 北京地区野生禾本科观赏草资源调查及繁殖特性研究[J]. , 2009, 17(1): 10-16.