草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 331-339.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.01.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

炭化及改性牛粪添加对盐碱化草地土壤的改良效应评估

蒲俊宇1, 苏颖佳1, 王新生1, 乔建霞2, 邢志贤3, 杜金山1, 洪逸楠1, 刘克思1,4   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 乌兰察布市草原工作站, 内蒙古 乌兰察布 012000;
    3. 河北省生态环境监测中心, 河北 石家庄 050037;
    4. 河北沽源草地生态系统国家野外站, 河北 张家口 076550
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-01 修回日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 刘克思,E-mail:kliu@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:蒲俊宇（2002-），女，汉族，重庆万州人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态与管理方面研究，E-mail:beihai1109@126.com；
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（32271764）； CARS专项资金（CARS-34）共同资助

Evaluation of the Improvement Effects of Carbonized and Modified Cattle Manure Additions on Salinized Grassland Soils

PU Jun-yu1, SU Ying-jia1, WANG Xin-sheng1, QIAO Jian-xia2, XING Zhi-xian3, DU Jin-shan1, HONG Yi-nan1, LIU Ke-si1,4   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Grassland Workstation of Ulanqab City, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 012000, China;
    3. Hebei Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province 050037, China;
    4. National field station of grassland ecosystem in Guyuan, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province 076550, China
  • Received:2025-04-01 Revised:2025-06-15 Published:2025-12-24

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摘要： 草地土壤盐碱化严重影响区域畜牧业发展，亟需改良盐碱化土地以提升土地质量保障草原生产生态安全。本研究以牛粪（NF）为原料，通过不同温度炭化（400℃炭化处理，NF4；500℃炭化处理，NF5）及对应改性（Ca4、Ca5）处理评估它们对盐碱化草地土壤的改良效应，为牛粪的科学资源化利用和盐碱地土壤改良提供数据和技术支撑。研究结果发现向盐碱化草地土壤添加NF、NF4、NF5和Ca4显著降低土壤pH（P<0.05）。各种牛粪添加处理不同程度降低土壤总碱度，添加NF5的处理土壤总碱度下降最大。添加炭化牛粪及其改性材料后，土壤可溶性钠离子含量显著降低（P<0.05），其中NF4和Ca4降低效果最好。添加炭化牛粪及其改性材料显著提高土壤有机碳含量（P<0.05），一定程度提高有效磷和交换性钾含量。综合来看，NF4可兼顾盐碱土降碱与养分提升需求，可以作为利用牛粪改良盐碱土壤时的优先选择。

关键词: 盐碱化土壤, 炭化牛粪, 牛粪改性, 土壤碱度, 土壤营养

Abstract: Soil salinization of grassland seriouly affects the development of regional animal husbandry. It is urgent to improve the salinized land to enhance its quality and ensure the ecological security of grassland production. In this study， cattle manure （NF） was utilized as raw material to produce biochar through carbonization at different temperatures （400℃， NF4； 500℃， NF5）， with corresponding Ca（NO3）2-modified counterparts （Ca4， Ca5）. These amendments were systematically evaluated for their remediation effects on saline-alkali grassland soils， to provide data and technical support for sustainable manure valorization and salinized soil improvement. Biochar and its modified counterparts amendments significantly reduced both soil pH and total alkalinity （P<0.05）， with NF4 showing the greatest pH decrease and NF5 exhibiting the maximum alkalinity reduction. Soluble sodium content was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， with NF4 and Ca4 showing the highest reductions. Biochar amendments also significantly increased soil organic carbon （P<0.05）， available phosphorus， and exchangeable potassium， with carbonized manure demonstrating the greatest improvements. Overall， NF4 optimally balanced alkalinity reduction and nutrient enhancement， suggesting its priority for saline-alkali soil remediation when using cattle manure to improve saline soil.

Key words: Saline soil, Carbonized manure, Manure modification, Soil alkalinity, Soil nutrients

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