草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 499-507.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.03.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

植被类型和降雨量对沟谷地土壤水分和温度空间分布的影响

徐明1,2, 张健1,2,3, 刘国彬1, 董继鑫3, 石露2, 郑明清4   

  1. 1. 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2. 贵州大学生命科学学院, 贵州 贵阳 550025;
    3. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100086;
    4. 环境保护部信息中心, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-07 修回日期:2016-02-15 出版日期:2017-06-15 发布日期:2017-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 张健, 刘国彬
  • 作者简介:徐明(1982-),女,安徽天长人,博士,讲师,主要从事流域生态系统恢复研究,E-mail:mingxu566@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    科技基础性工作专项（2014FY210100）；国家科技支撑计划（2015BAC01B03）；黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目（A314021402-1715）；国家自然科学基金（31660150）资助

Effects of Vegetation Types and Rainfall on Soil Water Content and Temperature in the Gully Areas

XU Ming1,2, ZHANG Jian1,2,3, LIU Guo-bin1, DONG Ji-xin3, SHI Lu2, ZHENG Ming-qing4   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry Land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    2. College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, China;
    3. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100086, China;
    4. Information Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100086, China
  • Received:2015-07-07 Revised:2016-02-15 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2017-08-29

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摘要：

土壤水分和温度作为反映土壤环境的重要指标，对土壤中各种生物化学过程具有着重要的影响。本文通过对不同植被恢复模式和降雨量梯度沟谷地土壤水分和温度0~500 cm剖面分布的研究，结果表明：不同植被恢复模式间沟谷地的土壤水分和温度存在着显著差异（P < 0.01），土壤水分含量表现为草地沟 > 灌木沟 > 乔木沟，土壤温度表现为乔木沟 > 草本沟 > 灌木沟；这表明不同生活型植物的生物学特性可以对植物群落土壤的水分和温度产生分异影响。不同降雨梯度地区间沟谷地的土壤水分和温度也存在显著差异（P < 0.01），土壤水分含量与降雨量呈正相关，土壤水量表现为西河口 > 沿河湾 > 镰刀湾；土壤温度表现为镰刀湾 > 西河口 > 沿河湾；这表明降雨量差异可以对沟谷地的土壤水分和温度产生显著影响。因此，在沟谷地植被恢复过程中，需要综合考虑地区降雨条件和植被类型的配置，这将有助于促进该地区生态环境的改善与提升。

关键词: 刺槐, 柠条, 天然草地, 坡位, 黄土丘陵区

Abstract:

Soil moisture and temperature are important indicators of soil environment, which have significant impact on a variety of biochemical processes in soil. Through investigating soil moisture and temperature of 0~500 cm profile and spatial distribution of different vegetation restoration patterns and rainfall gradient gully, the main results and conclusions were as follows:soil moisture and temperature among different vegetation restoration pattern gullies had significant differences(P < 0.01). Soil water content (SWC) expressed as grass gully > shrub gully > arbor gully, and soil temperature expressed as arbor gully > grass gully > shrub gully. Results showed that different vegetation restoration patterns were differentiation in gully SWC and temperature, which was closely related to the biological characteristics of the dominant species. Soil moisture and temperature among different rainfall gradient gullies had significant differences(P < 0.01). Gully SWC and precipitation had a positively correlation. Gully SWC showed as Xihekou > Yanhewan > Liandaowan, and gully soil temperature expressed as Liandaowan > Xihekou > Yanhewan. The results showed that rainfall differences could have a significant impact on the gully soil moisture and temperature. Therefore, during the process of gully vegetation restoration, local rainfall condition and spatial configuration of vegetation types should be concerned for the improvement of ecological environment.

Key words: Robinia pseudoacacia, Caragana korshinskii, Natural grassland, Slope position, The hilly Loess Plateau

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