草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 804-810.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.04.002

• 专论与进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古草原蝗虫区划及其绿色防控配套技术研究

马崇勇1, 杜桂林2, 张卓然1, 姚贵敏3, 罗建平4, 娜仁花5   

  1. 1. 内蒙古自治区草原工作站, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020;
    2. 全国畜牧总站, 北京 100125;
    3. 乌兰察布市草原工作站, 内蒙古 集宁 012000;
    4. 锡林郭勒盟草原工作站, 内蒙古 锡林浩特 026000;
    5. 阿拉善右旗草原工作站, 内蒙古 阿拉善右旗 737300
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-24 修回日期:2018-07-10 出版日期:2018-08-15 发布日期:2018-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 杜桂林
  • 作者简介:马崇勇(1978-),男,内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,硕士,高级畜牧师,主要从事草原有害生物监测与防治研究,E-mail:bjaoyunhui-2008@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划（2012BAD19B01）资助

Research of Grassland Locust Regionalization and Its Green Prevention-Control Matching Technology in Inner Mongolia

MA Chong-yong1, DU Gui-lin2, ZHANG Zhuo-ran1, YAO Gui-min3, LUO Jian-ping4, NA Ren-hua5   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Grassland Station, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China;
    2. National Animal and Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China;
    3. Ulanqab Grassland Station, Jining, Inner Mongolia 012000, China;
    4. Xillin Gol League Grassland Station, Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia 026000, China;
    5. Alxa Right Banner Grassland Station, Alxa Right Banner, Inner Mongolia 737300, China
  • Received:2017-10-24 Revised:2018-07-10 Online:2018-08-15 Published:2018-09-20

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摘要： 草原是内蒙古地区最主要的植被类型，对维护我国北方生态屏障起着十分重要的作用。本研究通过多年的野外调查，结合地理特征、植被特征、优势种蝗虫种类及多年草原蝗虫分布和发生资料及生产实践经验，将内蒙古草原划分为呼伦贝尔温性干草原、大兴安岭南麓典型草原、大兴安岭北麓典型草原、锡林郭勒典型草原、苏尼特半荒漠草原、蒙古高原南缘典型草原、阴山北麓半荒漠草原、乌拉特荒漠草原、鄂尔多斯沙生草原、阿拉善荒漠草原10个蝗虫发生区。针对不同草原区域的蝗虫为害特点，提出了以生物防治为主的绿色可持续的草原蝗虫防控技术体系，即协调微生物制剂、植物源农药、天敌防控、生态调控等措施，采用飞机、大型机械等配套施药技术，实现对蝗虫种群的持续控制，对于指导草原地区畜牧生产、实现草原的绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。

关键词: 草原蝗虫, 区划, 绿色防控, 可持续治理

Abstract: Grassland is the most important vegetation type in Inner Mongolia,which is playing the pivotal role in the maintenance of ecological screen in Northern China. This study researched and summarized the grassland locust regionalization and its green prevention-control matching technologies through long-term field investigation,combined with geographic features,vegetation features,dominant species,occurrence data and production practices. Ten grassland locust occurrence regions in Inner Mongolia were divided,i.e.,Hunlunbuir grassland in the temperate zone,typical grassland in the south foot of Daxin' anling region,typical grassland in the north foot of Daxing' anling region,typical grassland in Xillin Gol region,semidesert grassland in Sonid region,typical grassland in the South edge of Mongolian plateau,semidesert grassland in the north foot of Yinshan Mountain,desert grassland in Urad region,sabulose grassland in Ordos region,and desert grassland in Alaxia region. The green prevention-control technologies mainly included biological preparation,botanical pesticide,natural enemy control,ecological control,and plane and large spray machine. The article presented green and sustainable technical system according to different grassland regionalizations,and its management tactics based on biological control. The research results had great significance in guiding livestock production and achieving green and sustainable development of grassland.

Key words: Grassland locust, Regionalization, Green prevention-control, Sustainable management

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