返青期休牧对退化高寒草甸植被生长及其优势植物垂穗披碱草光合作用的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.04.025

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 1068-1075.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.04.025

返青期休牧对退化高寒草甸植被生长及其优势植物垂穗披碱草光合作用的影响

秦金萍, 刘颖, 马玉寿, 王彦龙, 施建军

青海省畜牧兽医科学院, 青海大学, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2020-03-27 修回日期:2020-05-04 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-07-28
通讯作者: 刘颖
作者简介:秦金萍(1994-),女,土族,青海民和人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态与环境保护研究,E-mail:516748485@qq.com
基金资助:
青海省自然科学基金青年项目（2018-ZJ-960Q）；青海三江源生态保护和建设二期工程科研和推广（2019-S-1-1）；科技部重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0501904）；青海省科技厅科技成果转化项目（2018-SF-137）资助

Effects of Rest Grazing During Greenup Period on Plant Growth of Degraded Alpine Meadow and Photosynthesis of Its Dominant Plant Elymus nutans Griseb.

QIN Jin-ping, LIU Ying, MA Yu-shou, WANG Yan-long, SHI Jian-jun

Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai university, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2020-03-27 Revised:2020-05-04 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-07-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 返青期休牧为退化草地恢复中最经济可行的措施且已得到了较广泛的推广和应用，为探索返青期休牧对高寒草地植物生长及光合特性的影响，本研究于2015年开始在青海省祁连山区进行返青期休牧试验，于2018年和2019年调查并测定试验样地植物群落特征和光合生理指标。结果表明：返青期休牧4年后，草地总盖度、优势种牧草垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）高度、地上生物量和地下生物量较未休牧分别提高了35%，777%，1140%和217%，垂穗披碱草叶绿素含量和净光合速率分别增加了172%和146%；草地总盖度、地上生物量和垂穗披碱草叶绿素含量及净光合速率在休牧第4年和休牧第5年之间差异不显著。因此，在高寒草地实施返青期休牧可提高优势牧草光合作用、促进退化草地植被的恢复，且退化草地植被在休牧一定年限后趋于稳定。本研究为青藏高原推广实施返青期休牧这一措施来恢复退化草地植被提供了理论基础。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 返青期休牧, 植被数量性状, 光合特性, 呼吸速率

Abstract: Rest grazing in the greenup period is the most economical and feasible measure in the restoration of degraded grassland and has been widely popularized and applied,In order to explore the effects of rest grazing on plant growth and photosynthetic characteristics of alpine meadow,this study started the rest grazing experiment during the regreen period from 2015 in Qilian Mountain area of Qinghai province. In 2018 and 2019,investigation and determination of test sample to plant community characteristics and photosynthetic physiological indexes. The results showed that,after 4 years of resting grazing,the total grass coverage,the height of the dominant herbage Elymus nutans Griseb.,the aboveground biomass and the underground biomass increased by 35%,777%,1140% and 217% respectively,and the chlorophyll-content and net photosynthetic rate increased by 172% and 146% respectively. There was no significant difference in total coverage,aboveground biomass,chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate between the 4th and 5th year of rest-grazing during greenup period. Therefore,we pointed that rest-grazing during greenup period could significantly enhance the hotosynthesis and respiration process of forage grass,then promote vegetation growth and recovery. And the vegetation become stable after years of rest grazing. These results provide fundamental basis for popularization and application of rest grazing during greenup period on the Tibet Plateau degraded grassland.

Key words: Alpine meadow, Rest grazing during greenup period, Quantitative character of vegetation, Photosynthetic characteristics, Respiration rate

中图分类号:

S812.2

秦金萍, 刘颖, 马玉寿, 王彦龙, 施建军. 返青期休牧对退化高寒草甸植被生长及其优势植物垂穗披碱草光合作用的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(4): 1068-1075.

QIN Jin-ping, LIU Ying, MA Yu-shou, WANG Yan-long, SHI Jian-jun. Effects of Rest Grazing During Greenup Period on Plant Growth of Degraded Alpine Meadow and Photosynthesis of Its Dominant Plant Elymus nutans Griseb.[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(4): 1068-1075.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.04.025

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/Y2020/V28/I4/1068

参考文献

[1] Wang Z,Zhang Y,Yang Y,et al. Quantitative assess the driving forces on the grassland degradation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,in China[J]. Ecological informatics,2016,33:32-44
[2] Lehnert L W,Meyer H,Wang Y,et al. Retrieval of grassland plant coverage on the Tibetan Plateau based on a multi-scale,multi-sensor and multi-method approach[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2015,164:197-207
[3] 石明明,张永超,张典业,等. 高寒草甸草地微斑块植物特征及其土壤性质的研究[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(9):197-205
[4] 尚占环,董全民,施建军,等. 青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地及其生态恢复近10年研究进展——兼论三江源生态恢复问题[J]. 草地学报,2018,26(1):1-21
[5] Ren H,Han G,Lan Z,et al. Grazing effects on herbage nutritive values depend on precipitation and growing season in Inner Mongolian grassland[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology,2016,9(6):712-723
[6] Chen S,Bai Y,Lin G,et al. Effects of grazing on photosynthetic characteristics of major steppe species in the Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Photosynthetica,2005,43(4):559-565
[7] Herrero-Jáuregui C.,Oesterheld M. Effects of grazing intensity on plant richness and diversity:ameta-analysis[J]. Oikos,2017,127(6):757-766
[8] 马玉寿,李世雄,王彦龙,等. 返青期休牧对退化高寒草甸植被的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(2):621-625
[9] 李林栖,马玉寿,李世雄,等.返青期休牧对祁连山区中度退化草原化草甸草地的影响[J].草业科学,2016,34(10):2016-2022
[10] Su R,Cheng J,Chen D,et al. Effects of grazing on spatiotemporal variations in community structure and ecosystem function on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Scientific reports,2017,7(1):1-10
[11] 李青丰,赵钢,郑蒙安,等. 春季休牧对草原和家畜生产力的影响[J]. 草地学报,2005,13(z1):53-56
[12] 魏德平,达布希拉图,张春信,等. 锡林郭勒盟2005年春季休牧监测研究[J]. 草原与草业,2005,17(3):7-9
[13] 赵钢,李青丰,张恩厚,等. 春季休牧对绵羊和草地生产性能的影响[J]. 仲恺农业工程学院学报,2006,19(1):1-4
[14] 朱立博,曾昭海,赵宝平,等. 春季休牧对草地植被的影响[J]. 草地学报,2008,16(3):278-282
[15] 江晓波,张凯悦. 关于园林绿化植物光合作用影响因素的探析[J]. 建筑工程技术与设计,2016(33):1929
[16] Iqbal M,Khan K,Sher H,et al. Genotypic and phenotypic relationship between physiological and grain yield related traits in four maize (Zea mays L.) crosses of subtropical climate[J]. Scientific Research and Essays,2011,6(13)：2864-2872
[17] Zlatev Z，Lidon F C. An overview on drought induced changes in plant growth,water relations and photosynthesis[J]. Emirates Journal of Food & Agriculture,2012,24(1):520-524
[18] Yun Wang,Karsten Wesche. Vegetation and soil responses to livestock grazing in Central Asian grasslands:a review of Chinese literature[J]. Biodiversity & Conservation,2016,25(12):2401-2420
[19] Noguchi K,Yoshida K. Interaction between photosynthesis and respiration in illuminated leaves[J]. Mitochondrion,2008,8(1):87-99
[20] 景美玲,王彦龙,马玉寿,等. 祁连山区青海草地早熟禾的丰产栽培技术[J]. 西北农业学报,2019,28(01):35-44
[21] 董全民,赵新全,马玉寿,等. 牦牛放牧率与小嵩草高寒草甸暖季草地地上、地下生物量相关分析[J]. 草业科学,2005,22(05):65-70
[22] 董全民,马玉寿,许长军,等. 三江源区黑土滩退化草地分类分级体系及分类恢复研究[J]. 草地学报,2015,23(03):441-447
[23] Maxwell K,Johnson G N. Chlorophyll fluorescence—a practical guide[J]. Journal of experimental botany,2000,51(345):659-668
[24] Qiu Z Y,Wang L H,Zhou Q. Effects of bisphenol A ongrowth,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in above-ground organs of soybean seedlings[J].Chemosphere,2013,90(3):1274-1280
[25] Qasim S,Gul S,Shah M H,et al. Influence of grazing exclosure on vegetation biomass and soil quality[J]. International Soil and Water Conservation Research,2017,5(1):62-68
[26] Peng Y,Jiang G M,Liu X H,et al. Photosynthesis,transpiration and water use efficiency of four plant species with grazing intensities in Hunshandak Sandland,China[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2007,70(2):304-315
[27] 王彦庆,李冰,牛壮,等. 放牧强度对小叶章草甸始牧期种群特征和营养成分的影响[J]. 中国草地学报,2015,37(2):35-40
[28] Limantara L,Dettling M,Indrawati R,et al. Analysis on the Chlorophyll Content of Commercial Green Leafy Vegetables[J]. Procedia Chemistry,2015,14(14):225-231
[29] Croft H,Chen J M,Luo X Z,et al. Leaf chlorophyll content as a proxy for leaf photosynthetic capacity[J]. Global Change Biology,2017,23(9):3513-3524
[30] 赵雪艳,汪诗平. 不同放牧率对内蒙古典型草原植物叶片解剖结构的影响[J]. 生态学报,2009,29(6):2906-2918
[31] 胡新振,董云龙,陈建纲,等. 封育与施肥对高寒草甸4种优势植物叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J]. 草地学报,2014,22(6):1239-1244
[32] 孙英,陈建纲,张德罡,等. 放牧对高寒草地 4种草光响应和荧光特性的影响[J]. 草业科学,2012,29(4):577-585
[33] 闫瑞瑞,卫智军,运向军,等. 放牧制度对短花针茅荒漠草原主要植物种光合特性日变化影响的研究[J]. 草业学报,2009,18(5):160-167
[34] 运向军. 短花针茅草原对禁牧休牧的响应及休牧期家畜舍饲研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学，2010:5-32
[35] 王俊侠,范惠菊. 水分和钾肥对冬小麦旗叶光合特性的影响[J].河北农业科学,2006,10(3)：43-45
[36] 田文坦. 大针茅响应放牧的光合特征的分子生理基础[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2016:1-4
[37] 刘建福. 澳州果叶片净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数日变化[J]. 西南农业大学学报,2006,28(2):271-273
[38] 张文标,金则新,柯世省,等. 木荷光合特性日变化及其与环境因子相关性分析[J]. 广西植物,2006,26(5):492-498
[39] 邓钰,柳小妮,辛晓平,等. 不同放牧强度下羊草的光合特性日动态变化——以呼伦贝尔草甸草原为例[J]. 草业学报,2012,21(3):308-313
[40] Zhao W,Chen S P,Han X G,et al. Effects of long-term grazing on the morphological and functional traits of Leymus chinensis in the semiarid grassland of Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Ecological Research,2009,24(1):99-108
[41] 侯扶江. 放牧对牧草光合作用,呼吸作用和氮,碳吸收与转运的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2001,12(6):938-942
[42] 王玉辉,周广胜. 松嫩草地羊草叶片光合作用生理生态特征分析[J]. 应用生态学报,2001,12(01):75-79
[43] 李静. 几种植物叶片气孔导度与植物激素对大气湿度的响应[D]. 济南:山东大学,2014:1-7
[44] 王忠. 植物生理学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2012:193-194
[45] 齐杨,何立环,刘海江,等. 放牧与围封对南方典型草山草坡植被光合和呼吸作用的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学,2013(12)：329-331

返青期休牧对退化高寒草甸植被生长及其优势植物垂穗披碱草光合作用的影响

Effects of Rest Grazing During Greenup Period on Plant Growth of Degraded Alpine Meadow and Photosynthesis of Its Dominant Plant Elymus nutans Griseb.

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	许静, 李文龙, 吴鑫悦, 罗佳宁, 廖元成. 青藏高原高寒草甸种子萌发行为沿海拔梯度的分异特征[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 10-18.
[2]	佘延娣, 杨晓渊, 马丽, 张中华, 王党军, 黄小涛, 马真, 姚步青, 周华坤. 退化高寒草甸植物群落和土壤特征及其相互关系研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 62-71.
[3]	姚喜喜, 才华, 李长慧. 封育和放牧对高寒草甸植被群落特征和土壤特性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 128-136.
[4]	张振华, 刘振杰, 陈白洁, 李以康. 枯落物添加对三江源区退化高寒草甸土壤碳矿化的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 156-164.
[5]	黄彩霞, 芦光新, 李欣, 范月君, 周华坤, 王英成, 王志慧, 姚世庭. 产漆酶真菌对高寒草甸土壤有机质矿化特性的研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 173-178.
[6]	石国玺, 王芳萍, 马丽, 张中华, 王弋博, 汪之波, 姚步青, 周华坤. 长期、短期增温对高寒草甸AM真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 179-189.
[7]	姚喜喜, 肖锋, 祁守忠, 陈国明, 王立亚, 严振英, 张文娟, 孙海群. 高寒草甸植被群落特征及其营养品质对围栏封育的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 208-217.
[8]	姚世庭, 芦光新, 周华坤, 张海娟, 颜珲璘, 王军邦. 模拟增温对高寒草甸土壤性质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 218-224.
[9]	王占青, 张杰雪, 杨雪莲, 黄霞, 陈斯亮, 乔有明. 高寒草甸不同斑块草地土壤微生物多样性特征研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 1916-1926.
[10]	向雪梅, 德科加, 冯廷旭, 魏希杰, 王伟, 徐成体. 三江源区高寒草甸草场植被和土壤对外源氮素输入的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2010-2016.
[11]	郭文章, 井长青, 王公鑫, 侯志雄, 赵苇康. 天山北坡荒漠草原土壤呼吸和生态系统呼吸对降水的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2031-2039.
[12]	刘晶晶, 尹亚丽, 李世雄, 赵文, 董怡玲, 苏世锋. 不同调控措施对中度退化高寒草甸植被及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2074-2080.
[13]	段丽辉, 刘晓丽, 韩冰, 位晓婷, 才仁措, 邵新庆. 乡土物种补播对青藏高原高寒草甸群落稳定性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(8): 1793-1800.
[14]	王明涛, 方江平, 包赛很那, 苗彦军, 王向涛, 赵玉红, 谢文栋, 仓木德吉. 藏北燕麦草地持续利用与撂荒对高寒草甸土壤特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(8): 1801-1808.
[15]	张万通, 李超群, 于露, 邵新庆. 植物根际促生菌菌肥在高寒草甸替代化肥效应研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(7): 1423-1429.