紫花苜蓿混播草地分区位置和放牧阶段对绵羊采食行为的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.06.020

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 1485-1490.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.06.020

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

紫花苜蓿混播草地分区位置和放牧阶段对绵羊采食行为的影响

何峰, 代先林, 韦宝, 马晓颖, 李振松, 杨帆, 仝宗永, 王瑜, 李向林

中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193

收稿日期:2021-11-29 修回日期:2022-02-11 发布日期:2022-07-05
通讯作者: 李向林,E-mail:lxl@caas.cn
作者简介:何峰(1978-),男,北京顺义人,博士,副研究员,主要从事草地生态与草地管理研究,E-mail:hefeng@caas.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古科技计划项目放牧型混播人工草地家畜配置与承载力研究（2021GG0225）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS14）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-34）资助

Effects of Paddock Location and Grazing Stage on Sheep Defoliating Behavior in Alfalfa Mixture Grassland

HE Feng, DAI Xian-lin, WEI Bao, MA Xiao-ying, LI Zhen-song, YANG Fan, TONG Zong-yong, WANG Yu, LI Xiang-lin

Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2021-11-29 Revised:2022-02-11 Published:2022-07-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在紫花苜蓿混播草地放牧利用过程中，由于家畜行为对分区位置和放牧阶段的适应机制尚不清晰，制约了混播草地的科学利用和高效转化。本文研究了苜蓿混播草地分区位置和放牧阶段对绵羊活动距离和活动时间的影响。结果表明：放牧分区位置距离饮水点和休息区的距离每增加100 m，绵羊的活动距离增加2.42 km·d^-1，活动时间增加46.74 min·d^-1。不同放牧阶段草地质量差异明显，绵羊的活动距离和活动时间随着放牧阶段，即进入放牧分区后的天数增加而显著增加。绵羊通过改变活动距离和活动时间适应放牧分区位置和放牧阶段草地质量的变化，增加活动速率来适应草地质量的降低。苜蓿混播草地集约化放牧育肥时，饮水点和休息区距离放牧分区最远端的距离不宜超过198 m，每个分区放牧时间不宜超过4 d。研究结果可为苜蓿混播草地肉羊高效放牧育肥提供技术支撑。

关键词: 苜蓿混播草地, 划区轮牧, 肉羊育肥, 活动距离, 活动时间

Abstract: Influence of sheep grazing behavior on paddock location and grazing stage in alfalfa mixture grassland during the process of intensive grazing and lamb fattening is not clear,which limits the utilization and efficient conversion of grazing pasture. In the year 2021,a lamb grazing experiment was carried out in the international agricultural high-tech industrial park of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Langfang,Hebei province. The lamb activity distance (AD) and activity time (AT) in different paddocks and stages were measured. The results showed that AD increased 2.42 km · d^-1 and AT increased 46.74 min·d^-1 when the distance between the boundary to the water troughs and resting area increased each additional 100 meters. The AD and AT of lamb increased significantly during the grazing stage until the 4th day. Lamb adapted to the location and pasture quality in different grazing stage of different paddock by changing AD and AT,and increased activity rate to adapt to pasture quality in different grazing stage also. The optimum distance between drinking troughs and resting area and the farthest boundary of paddock should not exceed 198 meters. The optimum grazing stage in each paddock should not exceed 4 days. The results of this research can guide the grazing management,further improve the efficient fattening mode of lamb in alfalfa grassland mixture,and provide technical support for the efficient utilization and conversion of mixture grassland in China.

Key words: Alfalfa mixtures, Rotational grazing, Lamb fattening, Activity distance, Activity time

中图分类号:

S541

何峰, 代先林, 韦宝, 马晓颖, 李振松, 杨帆, 仝宗永, 王瑜, 李向林. 紫花苜蓿混播草地分区位置和放牧阶段对绵羊采食行为的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(6): 1485-1490.

HE Feng, DAI Xian-lin, WEI Bao, MA Xiao-ying, LI Zhen-song, YANG Fan, TONG Zong-yong, WANG Yu, LI Xiang-lin. Effects of Paddock Location and Grazing Stage on Sheep Defoliating Behavior in Alfalfa Mixture Grassland[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(6): 1485-1490.

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紫花苜蓿混播草地分区位置和放牧阶段对绵羊采食行为的影响

Effects of Paddock Location and Grazing Stage on Sheep Defoliating Behavior in Alfalfa Mixture Grassland

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