草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 1106-1114.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.04.020

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

高寒草甸土壤团聚体碳氮磷对退化的响应及其影响因素

孙建波1,2, 李成阳3, 赖炽敏1,2, 陈洋4, 陈小杰1,2, 周俊4, 彭飞1,5   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 岭南师范学院地理科学学院, 广东 湛江 524048;
    4. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川 成都 610041;
    5. 青藏高原北麓河冻土工程与环境综合观测研究站, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-21 修回日期:2022-12-24 发布日期:2023-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 彭飞,E-mail:pengfei@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:孙建波(1998-),男,汉族,山东潍坊人,硕士研究生,主要从事高寒草地退化研究,E-mail:sunjianbo@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1100104-03)；中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(QCH2019005)资助

Response and Its Influencing Factors of Soil Aggregates Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus to the Degradation in Alpine Meadows

SUN Jian-bo1,2, LI Cheng-yang3, LAI Chi-min1,2, CHEN Yang4, CHEN Xiao-jie1,2, ZHOU Jun4, PENG Fei1,5   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. School of Geographic Science, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province 524048, China;
    4. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China;
    5. Beiluhe Observation and Research Station on Frozen Soil Engineering and Environment in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
  • Received:2022-10-21 Revised:2022-12-24 Published:2023-04-28

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摘要： 植物和土壤微生物是土壤团聚体黏合物和养分的重要来源，因此土壤团聚体组成及其养分库的变化可指示生态系统退化过程。本文在长江源区根据植被群落特征选取未退化、中度和严重退化高寒草甸，研究其土壤中大团聚体(>250 μm)、微团聚体(55~250 μm)和游离态粉粒黏粒(<55 μm)含量、不同粒级团聚体碳氮磷含量及储量随草地退化的变化特征，并分析了植物和微生物活动与这些变化特征的关系。结果表明：未退化和中度退化高寒草甸土壤以微团聚体为主。退化使高寒草甸大团聚体和微团聚体碳氮含量及储量显著下降，但磷含量及储量未发生显著变化。游离态粉粒黏粒氮磷储量在严重退化高寒草甸显著增加。各团聚体碳氮含量与地上生物量和微生物量碳正相关，磷含量与微生物量碳负相关。本研究表明植物及受其影响的土壤微生物变化是造成高寒草甸退化后不同团聚体碳氮磷库变化的主要原因。

关键词: 草地退化, 团聚体, 碳氮磷含量, 高寒草甸, 青藏高原

Abstract: Plants and soil microorganisms are important sources of adhesion substance for soil aggregates formation. Therefore,changes of the composition and nutrient pools of soil aggregates can indirectly indicate the process of ecosystem degradation. In this paper,undegraded,moderately degraded and severely degraded alpine meadows were selected according to the characteristics of meadow vegetation communities in the source region of the Yangtze River in Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The contents of macroaggregates (>250 μm),microaggregates (55~250 μm) and free silt+clay particles (<55 μm),the contents and storage of total organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the aggregates with different sizes were examined. The relationship between the changes in soil aggregates and plant biomass and other soil properties were analyzed. Results showed:the microaggregates were the main aggregates of soil in the non-degraded and moderately degraded alpine meadow. The degradation significantly reduced the carbon and nitrogen content and storage in the macroaggregates and microaggregates in the alpine meadow soil;while the content and storage of phosphorous in soil showed no significant change. The nitrogen and phosphorus storage of the free silt+clay particles in soil increased significantly in the seriously degraded alpine meadow. The content of organic carbon and nitrogen in each aggregates of soils were significantly positively correlated with the aboveground biomass and microbial biomass carbon. Furthermore,the content of phosphorus of soil aggregates was significantly negatively correlated with microbial biomass carbon. This study indicated that the changes of plant and soil microbial activities may be the main explanation to the changes of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus pools in the soil aggregates after the degradation of alpine meadow.

Key words: Grassland degradation, Aggregate, Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus content, Alpine meadow, Qinghai Tibet Plateau

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