生物炭施加垄沟集雨种植对水土流失及紫花苜蓿草产量的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.05.002

草地学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1314-1326.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.05.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

生物炭施加垄沟集雨种植对水土流失及紫花苜蓿草产量的影响

朱进辉¹, 赵武成¹, Erastus Mak-Mensah¹, 王琦¹, 张登奎¹, 周旭姣¹, 赵晓乐¹, 戚文佳¹, 马文¹, 崔循臻², 李旭春³, 刘冰⁴

1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃省定西市水利科学研究所, 甘肃定西 743000;
3. 甘肃省定西市水土保持科学研究所, 甘肃定西 743000;
4 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院临泽内陆河流域研究站/中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2023-10-13 修回日期:2024-01-05 发布日期:2024-06-01
通讯作者: 王琦，E-mail:wangqigsau@gmail.com
作者简介:朱进辉(1999-)，男，汉族，甘肃渭源人，硕士研究生，主要从事旱区节水农业和饲草栽培研究，E-mail:373691631@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42061050)；甘肃省自然基金(22 JR5RA849)；2022年度甘肃省科技重大专项-国际科技合作类项目(22ZD6 WA036)资助

Effects of Biochar Application and Ridge-furrow Rainwater Harvesting on Soil Erosion Control and Alfalfa Fodder Yield

ZHU Jin-hui¹, ZHAO Wu-cheng¹, Erastus Mak-Mensah¹, WANG Qi¹, ZHANG Deng-kui¹, ZHOU Xu-jiao¹, ZHAO Xiao-le¹, QI Wen-jia¹, MA Wen¹, CUI Xun-zhen², LI Xu-chun³, LIU Bing⁴

1. College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
2. Dingxi Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Dingxi, Gansu Province 743000, China;
3. Dingxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dingxi, Gansu Province 743000, China;
4. Linze Inland River Basin Research Station /Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China

Received:2023-10-13 Revised:2024-01-05 Published:2024-06-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为缓解我国黄土高原区干旱胁迫和控制水土流失，本研究采用裂区设计，生物炭施加模式(生物炭施加和无生物炭施加) 为主区，耕作模式(打结垄、开敞垄和平作) 为副区，研究不同生物炭施加模式和耕作模式对土壤水分、径流、泥沙流失、养分流失、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)干草产量和水分利用效率的影响。试验结果表明，在2019和2020年紫花苜蓿生育期，与平作处理相比，开敞垄和打结垄处理的径流量、泥沙、全氮、全磷、有机质流失量分别减少20.1%~37.7%和60.1%~64.7%，54%~75.5%和77.1%~87.6%，44.4%~65.5%和49.0%~81.8%，36.7%~75.3%和48.6%~87.3%，48.2%~72.9%和58.6%~85.4%，土壤贮水量、紫花苜蓿干草产量和水分利用效率分别增加39.5~52.1和31.2~60.5 mm，26.2%~31.7%和26.5%~35.2%，10.07~14.86和12.14~16.55 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1。与无生物炭施加处理相比，生物炭施加处理的径流量、泥沙、全氮、全磷和有机质流失量分别减少48%~69%，94%~125%，12%~24%，28%~46%和35%~48%，土壤贮水量、紫花苜蓿干草产量和水分利用效率分别增加42.93~26.09 mm，106%~111% 和1.96~6.90 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1。本研究表明,生物炭施加打结垄沟集雨种植是该区域适宜耕作模式。

关键词: 生物炭添加模式, 耕作模式, 径流, 水土流失, 养分流失, 坡地

Abstract: To mitigate drought stress and control soil erosion in the Loess Plateau in China,a field experiment was conducted by split-plot design to determine the effects of biochar application patterns and tillage practices on soil moisture,runoff,loss of sediment,nutrients,fodder yield,and water use efficiency of alfalfa. In this experiment,biochar application patterns (biochar application and no biochar application) were the main plots,and tillage practices (tied-ridging,open-ridging,and flat planting) were the split-plots. Compared to flat planting,runoff,the loss of sediment,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter in the practices of open-ridging and tied-ridging decreased by 20.1%~37.7% and 60.1%~64.7%,54%~75.5% and 77.1%~87.6%,44.4%~65.5% and 49.0%~81.8%,36.7%~75.3% and 48.6%~87.3%,and 48.2%~72.9% and 58.6%~85.4%,respectively. Soil water storage,fodder yield,and water use efficiency of alfalfa in open-ridging and tied-ridging increased by 39.5~52.1 and 31.2~60.5 mm,26.2%~31.7% and 26.5%~35.2%,and 10.07~14.86 and 12.14~16.55 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1,respectively,during the alfalfa growing season in 2019 and 2020. Compared to no biochar application,runoff,the loss of sediment,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter in biochar application decreased by 48%~69%,94%~125%,12%~24%,28%~46%,and 35%~48%,respectively,while soil water storage,fodder yield,and water use efficiency of alfalfa increased by 42.93~26.09 mm,106%~111%,and 1.96~6.90 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1,respectively. The tillage practice of tied-ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting combined with biochar application was found to be an effective practice for controlling soil erosion and enhancing alfalfa fodder yield in this region.

Key words: Biochar application pattern, Tillage practice, Runoff, Water loss and soil erosion, Nutrient loss, Slopping land

中图分类号:

S541+.4

朱进辉, 赵武成, Erastus Mak-Mensah, 王琦, 张登奎, 周旭姣, 赵晓乐, 戚文佳, 马文, 崔循臻, 李旭春, 刘冰. 生物炭施加垄沟集雨种植对水土流失及紫花苜蓿草产量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2024, 32(5): 1314-1326.

ZHU Jin-hui, ZHAO Wu-cheng, Erastus Mak-Mensah, WANG Qi, ZHANG Deng-kui, ZHOU Xu-jiao, ZHAO Xiao-le, QI Wen-jia, MA Wen, CUI Xun-zhen, LI Xu-chun, LIU Bing. Effects of Biochar Application and Ridge-furrow Rainwater Harvesting on Soil Erosion Control and Alfalfa Fodder Yield[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(5): 1314-1326.

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生物炭施加垄沟集雨种植对水土流失及紫花苜蓿草产量的影响

Effects of Biochar Application and Ridge-furrow Rainwater Harvesting on Soil Erosion Control and Alfalfa Fodder Yield

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