草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 2287-2295.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.06.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

添加乳酸菌和砂仁茎叶对王草青贮品质及细菌群落的影响

杨远廷1, 周汉林1, 彭唯实1, 刘虎1, 吴群1, 曾梦1, 焦静2, 贺军军2, 王珂1, 杜嵇华2, 林伟3, 韩建成1   

  1. 1. 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站, 广东 湛江 524013;
    2. 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所, 广东 湛江 524013;
    3. 广西壮族自治区药用植物园, 广西 南宁 530023
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 修回日期:2025-10-29 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 韩建成,E-mail:hanjiancheng810@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨远廷(1995-),男,汉族,广东湛江人,助理研究员,主要从事动物营养与饲草高效利用研究,E-mail:ytyang10@catas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    海南省自然科学基金（324QN300）；中国热带农业科学院国家热带农业科学中心科技创新团队（CATASCXTD202530）；海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2024KJTPY034）；广西南宁市重点研发计划项目（20243046）；中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项（1630062025019）资助

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Amomum villosum Lour. Stems and Leaves on Fermentation Quality and Bacterial Community in King Grass Silage

YANG Yuan-ting1, ZHOU Han-lin1, PENG Wei-shi1, LIU Hu1, WU Qun1, ZENG Meng1, JIAO Jing2, HE Jun-jun2, WANG Ke1, DU Ji-hua2, LI Wei3, HAN Jian-cheng1   

  1. 1. Zhanjiang Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province 524013, China;
    2. South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province 524013, China;
    3. Medicinal Botanical Garden of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi Province 530023, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Revised:2025-10-29 Published:2026-06-02

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摘要： 为探究乳酸菌和砂仁茎叶对王草（Pennisetum purpureum×P.americanum）青贮品质、营养成分及细菌群落的影响，本研究以王草为材料，设CK（无添加）、ASL（添加30%砂仁茎叶）、LAB（添加复合乳酸菌，5×106 CFU·g-1鲜重）、ASL-LAB（添加30%砂仁茎叶和复合乳酸菌）四组，每组3个重复，青贮56天后取样分析。结果表明：与CK相比，ASL，LAB和ASL-LAB组中pH值和氨态氮含量显著降低（P<0.05），而乳酸显著升高（P<0.05）；CK组干物质和粗蛋白显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。与CK相比，ASL，LAB和ASL-LAB中乳植杆菌属（Lactiplantibacillus）相对丰度分别增加了12.17%，37.58%和57.19%，而未分类肠杆菌科（Unclassified Enterobacteriaceae）相对丰度分别减少了3.91%，28.82%和30.27%。同时，乳植杆菌属相对丰度与肠杆菌属（Enterobacter）、未分类肠杆菌科相对丰度及氨态氮含量呈显著负相关（P<0.05），而与乳酸和粗蛋白含量显著正相关（P<0.05）。综上，单独添加乳酸菌或砂仁茎叶均可改善王草青贮品质并减少营养损失，且组合添加效果最佳。

关键词: 砂仁茎叶, 乳酸菌发酵剂, 王草, 青贮, 微生物多样性

Abstract: This study investigated the effects of lactic acid bacteria （LAB） and Amomum villosum Lour. stems and leaves （ASL） on the fermentation quality， nutritional composition， and bacterial diversity of King grass（Pennisetum purpureum×P. americanum） silage. Four treatments were established： CK （no additives）， ASL （30% ASL addition）， LAB （compound LAB inoculant at 5×106CFU·g-1 fresh weight）， and ASL-LAB （30% ASL+LAB）， each with three replicates. Samples were collected and analyzed after 56 days of ensiling. Results showed that， compared to CK， the pH and ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） content were significantly decreased （P<0.05） in the ASL， LAB， and ASL-LAB groups， while lactic acid （LA） content significantly increased （P<0.05）. Dry matter （DM） and crude protein （CP） content in the CK group were significantly lower than those in the other treatments （P<0.05）. The relative abundance of Lactiplantibacillus increased by 12.17%， 37.58%， and 57.19% in the ASL， LAB， and ASL-LAB groups， respectively. Conversely， the relative abundance of Unclassified Enterobacteriaceae decreased by 3.91%， 28.82%， and 30.27% in these groups. Correlation analysis indicated that Lactiplantibacillus was negatively correlated with Enterobacter， Unclassified Enterobacteriaceae， and NH3-N（P<0.05）， but positively correlated with LA and CP （P<0.05）. In conclusion， while supplementation with LAB inoculant or ASL alone improved fermentation quality and mitigated nutrient loss in King grass silage， the combined application of ASL and LAB yielded the most pronounced improvements.

Key words: Amomum villosum Lour. stems and leaves, Lactic acid bacteria, King grass, Silage, Microbial diversity

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