草地学报

›› 2005, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 226-232.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2005.03.012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地农牧交错区种草养畜的生态经济效益

王启基1, 牛东玲2, 蒋卫平3, 马玉寿3, 李青云3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁, 810001;
    2. 宁夏大学, 银川, 750021;
    3. 青海畜牧兽医科学院草原所, 西宁, 810003
  • 收稿日期:2004-07-01 修回日期:2004-11-02 出版日期:2005-08-15 发布日期:2005-08-15
  • 作者简介:王启基(1945- ),男,青海湟源县人,研究员,从事草地生态学和植物生态学研究,已发表学术论文100余篇
  • 基金资助:
    国家“九五”科技攻关项目(97-924-03);中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重点项目(210126)资助

Effect and Benefit of Forage Cultivation and Livestock Raising to the Protection of Ecosystem in the Farming-Pastoral Region of Chaidamu Basin

WANG Qi-ji1, NIU Dong-ling2, JIANG Wei-ping3, MA Yu-shou3, LI Qing-yun3   

  1. 1. Institute of Biology of Northwest PIateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China;
    2. Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Autonomous Region 750021, China;
    3. Institute of Grassland Science, Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, Qinghai Province 810003, China
  • Received:2004-07-01 Revised:2004-11-02 Online:2005-08-15 Published:2005-08-15

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摘要： 家庭牧场通过人工草地和暖棚等基础建设,农牧业结构调整,以及饲草、饲料加工调制和羔羊育肥等综合配套技术的应用,使试验区生态、经济和社会效益明显改善。结果表明:草地中优良牧草比例和植被盖度明显增加;弃耕地种草养畜不仅提高了初级生产力,减轻荒漠草地载畜压力,而且降低土壤含盐量;暖棚养畜改善了家畜的生存环境,提高了抗病和越冬能力;通过家庭牧场生产结构的优化和基础设施建设,经济效益明显提高,年净收入达19767元,投入产出比为2.25。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 农牧交错区, 种草养畜, 生态保护, 效益分析

Abstract: New techniques, such as cuitivating grassland and construction of hothouses, structural adjustment of farming and grazing, forage processing and applying of new breeding techniques have obviously improved the ecological, economic and social benefit of the experiment area. A study conducted in 1997-2000 in Delingha, Qinghai Province, showed that the percentages of quality forages and total vegetation coverage increased obviously. Cultivated grasses on abandoned field to raise livestock had not only enhanced the primary productivity, lessened the pressure for carrying capacity on the native desert grassland, but had also lowered the soil salt content. Hothouse penning had improved the living conditions of the livestock, strengthened their disease resistancy, and protected them through the severe winter. All this had enhanced significantly the economic benefit of the family ranches of the Chaidamu Basin. The family annual net income amounted to 19767 yuan, input-output ratio was 2.25 in general.

Key words: Chaidamu basin, Farming-pastoral region, Cultivating forage to raise livestock, Ecological protection, Analysis of beneficial result

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