Abstract: In view of the increasing importance of habitat conservation and artificial forcing breeding of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a study of soil physiochemical properties and grassland vegetation was recently made in two areas where O. sinensis was densely and sparsely distributed in Dongqinggou Township, Maqin Prefecture of Qinghai Province. Results showed simple plant community structure and low species biodiversity in O. sinensis habitats. Dominant species of the communities were considered a food source for Hepialus larvae. Soil bulk density was 0.68 g·cm^-3 and soil water content was 40%~50% at the depth of 5~20 cm of the O. sinensis densely distributed area. Low soil bulk density and loose soil texture could benefit spore germination and growth of Hepialus pathogenic microorganisms. Soil pH was 6.3 and the soil conductivity was 150~200 μs·cm^-1 in O. sinensis densely distributed area, slightly higher than that in the sparsely distributed area. Gravel content was 9.79% at the depth of >2 mm, and 39.52% at the depth of 0.05~2 mm at the densely distributed area that was higher than that at the sparsely distributed area. These results indicated that high soil porosity and permeability would be suitable for the growth of Hepialus larvae.

Key words: Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Soil bulk density, pH, Conductivity of soil, Soil particle composition, Species diversity

摘要： 鉴于研究冬虫夏草(Ophiocordyceps sinensis)生境资源保育和人工促繁技术的需要,在青海省果洛州玛沁县东倾沟乡建立密集和稀疏2个冬虫夏草分布区域作为试验样地,分别设立2条研究土壤物理性质和草地植被的试验样带。结果表明:密集和稀疏2个冬虫夏草生长区域的草本植被群落结构简单,物种多样性较低,蝙蝠蛾(Hepialus)幼虫喜食植物种类在植物组成中占多数;冬虫夏草密集区5~20 cm土壤容重为0.68 g·cm^-3左右,容重小且土质疏松,土壤含水量为40%~50%,形成适宜冬虫夏草生长的土壤环境有利于蝠蛾病原微生物孢子萌发和生长;冬虫夏草密集区土壤呈弱酸性,pH值为6.3,土壤电导率值为150~200 μs·cm^-1,较稀疏区略高;冬虫夏草密集区大于2 mm砾石含量占9.79%,0.05~2 mm砂粒占39.52%,相较于稀疏区土壤空隙度大、渗透性好,有利于蝙蝠蛾幼虫的生长。

关键词: 冬虫夏草, 土壤容重, 土壤pH值, 土壤电导率, 土壤颗粒组成, 物种多样性