Abstract: In order to evaluate the impact of requisition-compensation balance of grassland area and ecological energy on the ecological functions and benefits,we utilized the ecological functions balance analysis method of ecosystem amplification and requisition-compensation balance. We evaluated the ecological functions and benefits changes after occupying grassland in Zoige and Minjiangyuan National Wetland Park in Sichuan Province,Zada County and Damxung County in Tibet,Chayouzhong County in Inner Mongolia and Akesai Kazakh Autonomous County in Gansu. The results showed that even if the balance of grassland area and ecological energy value was achieved,the balance of quality could not be realized. Under the condition that the grassland ecological energy value per unit area was equal,the newly built area must be larger than the occupied grassland to make the balance of quality realized. The ecosystem amplification required the smallest area of newly built grassland. The weighted average and the total balance of ecological benefit level required larger newly constructed grassland area. The effective ecological influence and function balance in the occupied area required the largest area of newly built grassland. The analysis method of ecosystem amplification and effective ecological function and influence requisition-compensation balance was a good way to evaluate the change of the ecological function and benefit of grassland under the balance of area and ecological energy value.

Key words: Grassland, Requisition-compensation balance, Effective ecological function, System, Effective ecological influence

摘要： 为评价草地面积与生态能值占补平衡对占补两地的生态功能与生态服务的影响，构建并利用系统性生态功能放大系数、有效生态功能与有效生态服务占补平衡分析法，对四川若尔盖与岷江源国家湿地公园、西藏札达县与当雄县、内蒙古察右中旗和甘肃阿克塞县占用草地后的生态功能与生态服务进行分析。结果表明：即使实现草地面积与生态能值占补平衡，也很难实现质的维度的占补平衡。单位面积草地生态能值相等条件下，要实现质的维度的占补平衡，新建草地面积必须大于占用草地面积。考虑系统性生态功能放大系数的占补两地生态功能平衡所需新建草地面积最小，占补两地生态服务水平加权平均值平衡与占补两地生态服务价值总量平衡所需新建草地面积较大，占用地有效生态功能平衡与占用地有效生态服务水平平衡所需新建草地面积最大。系统性生态功能放大系数、有效生态功能与有效生态服务占补平衡分析方法，是评价面积与生态能值占补平衡下草地生态功能与生态服务是否平衡的有用工具。

关键词: 草地, 占补平衡, 有效生态功能, 系统, 有效生态服务