Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 522-530.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.03.013

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Morphology and Biomass Allocation of Carex moorcroftii Along Soil Moisture Gradient

WANG Hong-bin, ZHANG Yu-kun, ZHANG Da-cai   

  1. Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of Southwest China, National Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Faculty of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650224, China
  • Received:2020-09-02 Revised:2020-11-02 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-02

青藏苔草形态特征及生物量分配沿水分梯度的变化

王洪斌, 张煜坤, 张大才   

  1. 国家林业和草原局西南地区生物多样性保育重点实验室, 西南林业大学林学院, 云南 昆明 650224
  • 通讯作者: 张大才
  • 作者简介:王洪斌(1995-),男,汉族,云南保山人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生态学及植物解剖学研究,E-mail:1277363417@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“高寒草甸芽库与地下根茎生长动态对生境干旱化的响应”“横断山区高原湿地植物多样性及对气候变化和生境干旱化的响应”(31960340,31660054)资助

Abstract: In order to analyze the response of wetland plant phenotypic plasticity and biomass to soil moistures,this study selected Carex moorcroftii as the research object,and sampling plots were set along a soil moisture gradient to analyze the changes of root,stem,leaf morphology and biomass. The results showed:Leaf number,residual leaf bases number,stem diameter,rhizome length and tiller buds number all increased with the decrease of soil moisture,while leaf length,tiller buds diameter and rhizome diameter decreased. Root surface area,root mean diameter,total root volume,belowground biomass,aboveground biomass and BB/AB ratio all decreased with aggravation of drought,while total root length increased. On the whole,the plasticity strength of vegetative organ was:root > stem > leaf. In the process of habitat aridity,the leaf length of C. moorcroftii was shortened,but leaf number was increased. So,the leaf area was maintained while the transport distance was shortened. In the meantime tiller buds number and rhizome length of C.moorcroftii were increased to enhance the ability of occupied space,it also increased root length for absorbing the deep soil water. The morphological characteristics of root,stem and leaf had certain plasticity,but the decrease of biomass limited the distribution of C. moorcroftii in arid habitats.

Key words: Carex moorcroftii, Moisture gradient, Morphological characteristics, Swamp wetland, Phenotypic plasticity

摘要: 为分析湿地植物形态与生物量可塑性对土壤含水率的响应,本文以青藏苔草(Carex moorcroftii)为研究对象,沿土壤水分梯度设置样地,分析根、茎、叶形态及生物量的变化。结果表明:随土壤含水率降低,叶片数量、残存叶基数量、茎基直径、根状茎长度和分蘖芽数量均增加,而叶长、分蘖芽和根状茎直径减小;根系表面积、根系平均直径、总根体积、地下(BB)、地上(AB)生物量、BB/AB值均随土壤含水率降低呈减小趋势,而总根长呈增大趋势;营养器官形态特征可塑性强弱表现为:根>茎>叶。在生境干旱化过程中,青藏苔草叶片长度缩短、数量增多,在缩短输导距离的同时保持植株的叶面积,同时青藏苔草会增加分蘖芽数量与根状茎长度以增强对空间的占据能力,增加根长以吸收利用深层土壤水分,根、茎、叶形态特征具有一定的可塑性,但生物量的降低限制了青藏苔草在干旱生境中的分布。

关键词: 青藏苔草, 水分梯度, 形态特征, 沼泽湿地, 表型可塑性

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