Study on the Effect of Mulching Furrow and Fertilization of Alfalfa in Semi-arid Areas of Loess Plateau

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.09.029

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 2098-2106.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.09.029

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Study on the Effect of Mulching Furrow and Fertilization of Alfalfa in Semi-arid Areas of Loess Plateau

MENG Xuan-chen, MA Peng-cheng, MA Jie, DUAN Zhen, HAN Yang-yang, ZHANG Ji-yu

State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;College of Grassland Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China

Received:2021-04-13 Revised:2021-06-26 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-10-14

黄土高原半干旱区紫花苜蓿覆膜垄沟和施肥效应研究

孟宣辰, 马鹏程, 马杰, 段珍, 韩阳阳, 张吉宇

草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室, 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃兰州 730020

通讯作者: 张吉宇,E-mail:zhangjy@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:孟宣辰(1990-),男,汉族,甘肃兰州人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草栽培研究,E-mail:380780376@qq.com;马鹏程(1995-),男,汉族,甘肃天水人,硕士生,主要从事牧草育种和栽培研究,E-mail:mapch19@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项（2020ZD0021）；甘肃省科技重大专项（19ZD2NA002-2）资助

Abstract

Abstract: In this study, the treatments of no mulching, full film, half-full film, mulching ridge, soil ridge were set up, and the effects of different mulching and furrow techniques on soil water and heat conditions, yield, and quality of alfalfa were studied. Furthermore, according to the "3414" fertilization experiment, the effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer ratios on the yield, quality, and soil fertility of alfalfa were studied under the mulching ridge treatment condition. The results showed that, compared to the no mulching treatment, the mulching ridge treatment increased the water content of 0 to 80 cm soil after the plant turned green, the 1^st cutting and 2^nd cutting, increased soil temperature in the early growth period and increased hay yield, crude protein and crude fat of alfalfa. In the fertilization experiment, the P₂K₂N₃ treatment had the highest hay yield of 6 366 kg·hm^-2 and improved soil fertility;the treatments with the highest crude protein and crude fat content were P₂K₁ N₂ and P₂K₂N₃ respectively;the P₂K₁N₂ treatment had the lowest neutral detergent and acid detergent fiber content. In conclusion, the mulching ridge treatment can improve the soil water and heat conditions and increase the yield and quality of alfalfa. The fertilization treatment of P₂K₂N₃(P₅O₂ 60 kg·hm^-2, K₂O 45 kg·hm^-2, and N 92 kg·hm^-2) has a better overall effect and is recommended as the best fertilizer treatment under the mulching ridge.

Key words: Alfalfa, Film mulching ridge, Fertilization, Yield, Quality, Soil hydrothermal condition, Soil fertility

摘要： 本研究设置了露地平播、全地面覆膜平播、半覆盖平播、覆膜垄沟播和土垄沟播5个处理，研究了不同覆膜和垄沟技术对土壤水热状况、紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响；并在覆膜垄沟处理条件下，参照“3414”施肥试验，研究了不同氮、磷、钾肥料配比对紫花苜蓿产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：覆膜垄沟处理较露地处理在生长前期提高了土壤温度，在返青期、第一次和第二次刈割后提高了0～80 cm土壤含水量，并提高了苜蓿的干草产量、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量。施肥试验中，P₂K₂N₃处理干草产量最高，为6 366 kg·hm^-2，并提高了土壤肥力；粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量最高的处理分别是P₂K₁N₂、P₂K₂N₃；P₂K₁N₂处理的中性洗涤和酸性洗涤纤维含量最低。综上，覆膜垄沟可以改善土壤水热状况，提高苜蓿的产量和品质；施肥处理P₂K₂N₃，即P₅O₂60 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 45 kg·hm^-2，N 92 kg·hm^-2，综合效果较好，是垄沟覆膜条件下的最佳施肥处理。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 覆膜垄沟, 施肥, 产量, 品质, 土壤水热状况, 土壤肥力

CLC Number:

S963.22+3.3

MENG Xuan-chen, MA Peng-cheng, MA Jie, DUAN Zhen, HAN Yang-yang, ZHANG Ji-yu. Study on the Effect of Mulching Furrow and Fertilization of Alfalfa in Semi-arid Areas of Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(9): 2098-2106.

孟宣辰, 马鹏程, 马杰, 段珍, 韩阳阳, 张吉宇. 黄土高原半干旱区紫花苜蓿覆膜垄沟和施肥效应研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2098-2106.

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Study on the Effect of Mulching Furrow and Fertilization of Alfalfa in Semi-arid Areas of Loess Plateau

黄土高原半干旱区紫花苜蓿覆膜垄沟和施肥效应研究

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