Abstract: In order to explore the effects of preservatives,this study evaluated the effect of BASF hay preservative (BLP) on small alfalfa hay bales and compared its anti-mildew effects with homemade preservative LZP on large alfalfa bales. The results showed that adding of 4 L·t^-1 and 6 L·t^-1of preservative BLP exhibited good performance on 25% water content of small alfalfa bales but had no effects on the nutritional quality;preservative BLP decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in 30% water content of treated hay. When the application rate is 6 L·t^-1,anti-mildew effects was better and crude protein (CP) increased. For large alfalfa bales,both preservatives LZP and BLP inhibited the growth of molds at 16%~19% water content of alfalfa hay,but had no effect at 22%~25% water content. It indicated that adding 6 L·t^-1preservative BLP could effectively inhibit the growth of molds in small alfalfa bales;homemade preservative LZP had similar ability on inhibiting the growth of molds as preservative BLP and the prospect of application in practice,but further studies should be conducted.

Key words: Preservative, Alfalfa, Hay, Nutrition

摘要： 为了研究干草防腐剂的防霉效果，本文在调制苜蓿小方捆时添加巴斯夫防腐剂BLP，并在苜蓿大方捆中比较使用了自行研发的防腐剂LZP和防腐剂BLP。结果表明：在苜蓿小方捆中，25%水分打捆时，添加防腐剂BLP显著抑制了苜蓿草捆中霉菌的生长，但对营养品质没有显著影响；30%水分打捆时，防腐剂BLP显著降低了苜蓿干草中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的含量，当添加量为6 L·t^-1时，防腐剂BLP的防霉效果较为显著且增加了粗蛋白（CP）的含量。在苜蓿大方捆中，16%~19%水分打捆添加防腐剂BLP和LZP均能很好抑制霉菌的生长；而22%~25%水分打捆时时，两种防腐剂的对霉菌的抑制效果较差。上述结果表明调制苜蓿干草小方捆时添加6 L·t^-1防腐剂BLP能有效抑制霉菌的生长；自行研发的防腐剂LZP与BLP的防霉效果类似，具有一定的应用前景，但仍需进一步证明。

关键词: 苜蓿干草, 防腐剂, 霉菌, 营养品质