Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 2106-2117.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.07.012

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Effects of Short-term Restoration Measures on Community Structure and Biomass of Desert Steppe in Dry and Wet Years

TIAN Ru1, ZHANG Jia-tao1, FENG Cai-xia2, SUO Ming-chun3, ZHANG Ya-rong3, Gao Xia4, Zhao Yun5, XU Zhu-wen1   

  1. 1. Academy of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, China;
    2. M-Grass Ecology and Environment (Group) Co., LTD., Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010070, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Mengguo Grass Technology Co., LTD., Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010070, China;
    4. Liangzhou District Water Affairs Bureau, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733000, China;
    5. China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2023-12-12 Revised:2024-04-20 Published:2024-08-03

干湿年份短期恢复措施对荒漠草原群落结构和生物量的影响

田茹1, 张加涛1, 冯彩霞2, 索明春3, 张雅荣3, 高霞4, 赵云5, 徐柱文1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020;
    2. 蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070;
    3. 内蒙古蒙草草业科技有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070;
    4. 凉州区水务局, 甘肃 武威 733000;
    5. 中国牧工商集团有限公司, 北京 100070
  • 通讯作者: 徐柱文,E-mail:zwxu@imu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:田茹(1998-),女,汉族,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,博士研究生,主要从事草地生态与全球变化研究,E-mail:rtian0121@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0009);国家重点研发项目(2022YFF1302300);内蒙古自然科学基金(2019JQ04)资助

Abstract: To explore the effects of restoration measures,such as enclosure,reseeding,and fertilization on desert grassland plant communities in both wet and dry years,a two-year manipulative experiment was conducted in desert grasslands of different degradation levels in Inner Mongolia. The results showed that in the severely degraded areas,enclosure significantly increased the density of forbs and the relative biomass of Stipa breviflora only in the wet year. Reseeding significantly increased the coverage of forbs,the density of the community and the density of grasses only in the wet year. Applying organic fertilizer significantly increased the coverage of the community and grass as well as the relative biomass of Stipa breviflora only in wet year. In the heavily desertified areas,reseeding significantly increased the density of community and grasses in wet year,and significantly decreased diversity index but increased aboveground biomass of community in dry year. In moderately degraded area,spraying foliar fertilizer significantly decreased coverage of community and forbs in wet year. Our results suggested that restoration measures had varying impacts on plant community characteristics in wet and dry years,and the same restoration measures yield different effects in grasslands with different types of degradation. The effectiveness of restoration measures can be ensured by selecting appropriate restoration measures according to local conditions,and the effects of inter-annual variations in precipitation on restoration outcomes should be fully considered.

Key words: Different rainfall years, Enclosure, Reseeding, Fertilization, Community composition, Diversity, Productivity

摘要: 为探讨干湿年份封育、补播和施肥等恢复措施对荒漠草原植物群落的影响,本研究在内蒙古不同退化程度的荒漠草原开展了两年的控制试验,发现在重度退化区,封育仅在湿润年份显著增加了杂类草密度及短花针茅相对生物量;补播仅在湿润年份显著增加了杂类草盖度、群落密度及禾草密度;撒施有机肥仅在湿润年份显著增加了群落和禾草盖度以及短花针茅相对生物量。在重度沙化区,补播在湿润年份显著增加了群落和禾草密度,在干旱年份显著降低了多样性指数,显著提高了地上生物量。在中度退化区,喷施叶面肥在湿润年份显著降低了群落和杂类草盖度。恢复措施在干湿年份对植物群落特征的影响不同,且相同恢复措施在不同退化类型的草原中的效果也不相同。因此,要因地适宜地选择恢复措施,并充分考虑降水的年际变化对恢复效果的影响,以保证恢复措施的有效性。

关键词: 不同降雨年份, 封育, 补播, 施肥, 群落组成, 多样性, 生产力

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