Quality Analysis of Silage in Agricultural Region of Sichuan Province

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.001

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 2051-2058.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.001

Quality Analysis of Silage in Agricultural Region of Sichuan Province

YAN Xu^1,2, HOU Xing-feng³, WANG Hong-lin^1,2, ZUO Yan-chun^1,2, XIAO Lian⁴, WU Zi-zhou^1,2, LI Yang³, CHEN Hui⁴, LIU Hong-mei⁵, SUN Ru-ting⁶, YANG Jian⁷, ZHOU Hong-yan⁸, LIU Jing-song⁹, ZHANG Qiong-wen¹⁰, DU Zhou-he^1,2

1. Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan Province 637000, China;
2. Forage Crops Germplasm Innovation and Production Management Key Laboratory of Nanchong City, Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan Province 637000, China;
3. School of Urban-Rural Planning and Construction, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang, Sichuan Province 621000, China;
4. Nanchong Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanchong, Sichuan Province 637000, China;
5. Xichong Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xichong, Sichuan Province 637200, China;
6. Nanbu Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanbu, Sichuan Province 637300, China;
7. Tongjiang Extension of Forage and Feed, Tongjiang, Sichuan Province 636700, China;
8. Ningnan Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningnan, Sichuan Province 615400, China;
9. Enyang Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Enyang, Sichuan Province 636063, China;
10. Yingshan Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yingshan, Sichuan Province 637700, China

Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-12-29 Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-07-18

四川省农区青贮饲料质量调查分析

严旭^1,2, 侯兴凤³, 王红林^1,2, 左艳春^1,2, 肖蔹⁴, 吴子周^1,2, 李杨³, 陈慧⁴, 刘红梅⁵, 孙铷婷⁶, 杨健⁷, 周泓燕⁸, 刘劲松⁹, 张琼文¹⁰, 杜周和^1,2

1. 四川省农业科学院特种经济动植物研究所, 四川南充 637000;
2. 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所/饲用作物种质创新与利用南充市重点实验室, 四川南充 637000;
3. 绵阳师范学院城乡建设与规划学院, 四川绵阳 621000;
4. 南充市农业农村局, 四川南充 637000;
5. 西充县农业农村局, 四川西充 637200;
6. 南部县农业农村局, 四川南部 637300;
7. 通江县饲草饲料工作站, 四川通江 636700;
8. 宁南县农业农村局, 四川宁南 615400;
9. 恩阳区农业农村局, 四川恩阳 636063;
10. 营山县农业农村局, 四川营山 637700

通讯作者: 杜周和,E-mail:duzhouhe@126.com
作者简介:严旭（1987-），男，汉族，四川仪陇人，博士，副研究员，主要从事饲用作物遗传育种与青贮利用方向研究，E-mail：pratum@qq.com
基金资助:
四川省财政自主创新专项（No.2022ZZCX086）；四川省农业科学院“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目“综合种养核心技术及智能农机装备研发”（No.1+9KJGG008）；南充市应用基础研究项目（No.23YYJCYJ0048）；南充市科技成果转移转化示范项目（No.23CGZYZHSF0004）资助

Abstract

Abstract: Silage is essential for the healthy development of modern ruminant livestock production. To evaluate the current silage quality in the agricultural region of Sichuan Province， we conducted a comprehensive assessment of 106 silage samples from 101 farms across seven regions （6 counties+1 district）using Pennsylvania sieve analysis and near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS）. The survey revealed that whole-plant corn dominated the silage feedstocks， accounting for 66.04% of samples， followed by maize stover （17.92%） and Pennisetum （12.26%）. Wrapped silage bale is the predominant type currently， comprising 95.28% of the samples. Only a minimal proportion （5.66%） of the samples utilizes additives in silage production. Our analysis indicated that the theoretical cutting length of silage exceeded the recommended value， and the grain fragmentation of whole-plant corn silage was insufficient. Notably， the quality of corn stalklage surpasses that of Pennisetum silage. Compared to Pennisetum silage， corn stalklage exhibited higher levels of dry matter， water-soluble carbohydrates， starch， lactic acid， and acetic acid， while displaying lower levels of fiber and butyric acid. This survey highlights the current state of silage production in the agricultural regions of Sichuan Province， providing a foundation for future silage quality improvements in the regions.

Key words: Whole-plant corn, Corn stalklage, Pennisetum, Particle size, Nutritional quality, Fermentation quality

摘要： 青贮饲料是现代草牧业持续健康发展的重要基础保障，为了解四川省农区青贮饲料质量现状，通过宾州筛、近红外光谱法分析了源于四川省7个农区县（区）101个养殖场的106份青贮饲料的物理品质、营养品质和发酵品质。调研显示，全株玉米（Zea mays）已成为该区域最主要的青贮饲料原料（66.04%），其次为玉米秸秆（17.92%）和狼尾草属（Pennisetum）牧草（12.26%）；裹包青贮是当前青贮的主要类型（95.28%），仅少量养殖场制作青贮时使用了添加剂（5.66%）。分析表明，青贮样品的粒径高于推荐比例，全株玉米青贮的籽粒破碎不足。当前生产中玉米秸秆青贮质量优于狼尾草青贮。与狼尾草青贮相比，玉米秸秆青贮的干物质、水溶性碳水化合物、淀粉、乳酸及乙酸含量更高，而纤维及丁酸含量更低。本调查一定程度上揭示了四川省农区当前青贮饲料质量水平，为后续该区域的青贮饲料质量提升奠定了数据基础。

关键词: 全株玉米, 玉米秸秆, 狼尾草, 物理品质, 营养品质, 发酵品质

CLC Number:

S816.5+3

YAN Xu, HOU Xing-feng, WANG Hong-lin, ZUO Yan-chun, XIAO Lian, WU Zi-zhou, LI Yang, CHEN Hui, LIU Hong-mei, SUN Ru-ting, YANG Jian, ZHOU Hong-yan, LIU Jing-song, ZHANG Qiong-wen, DU Zhou-he. Quality Analysis of Silage in Agricultural Region of Sichuan Province[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(7): 2051-2058.

严旭, 侯兴凤, 王红林, 左艳春, 肖蔹, 吴子周, 李杨, 陈慧, 刘红梅, 孙铷婷, 杨健, 周泓燕, 刘劲松, 张琼文, 杜周和. 四川省农区青贮饲料质量调查分析[J]. 草地学报, 2025, 33(7): 2051-2058.

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Quality Analysis of Silage in Agricultural Region of Sichuan Province

四川省农区青贮饲料质量调查分析

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