Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 2991-3003.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.022

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Phenotypic Diversity Analysis and Elite Resource Screening of 300 Leymus chinensis Germplasm Accessions

DONG Hong-bin1, WANG Jian-li2, LI Xin-yi1, GAO Qiu1, WANG Mei-juan1, LIN Ji-zhen1, ZHANG Yi1, HONG Jun1   

  1. 1. National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China;
    2. Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, China
  • Received:2026-04-02 Revised:2026-05-09 Published:2026-08-04

300份羊草种质资源表型多样性分析与优异资源筛选

董弘斌1, 王建丽2, 李新一1, 高秋1, 王梅娟1, 林积圳1, 张义1, 洪军1   

  1. 1. 全国畜牧总站, 北京 100125;
    2. 黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086
  • 通讯作者: 洪军,E-mail:dg0027015@163.com
  • 作者简介:董弘斌(1994-),男,汉族,甘肃定西人,全国畜牧总站畜牧师,主要从事牧草种质资源收集、保存和评价等方面研究,E-mail:375061266@qq.com

Abstract: To address production problems such as low seed setting rate, in this study, a total of 300 Leymus chinensis accessions were evaluated across three consecutive years of field trials and systematically measured their four growth traits: Plant Height of Reproductive Branch at Heading Stage (PH_RBHS), Plant Height of Reproductive Branch at Maturity Stage (PH_RBMS), Leaf Length (LL), Leaf Width (LW), and eight seed setting-related traits: Spike Weight (SW), Spike Length (SL), Number of Spike Nodes (NSN), Seed Setting Rate (SSR), Number of Spikelets (NS), Floret Number per Spikelet (FNPS), and Seed Number per Spike (SNPS). Diversity analysis and cluster analysis jointly revealed a rich genetic background within the population: the coefficient of variation ranged from 10.73% to 51.86%, and the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.853 to 2.068; the 300 accessions could be classified into four distinct clusters. Correlation analysis indicated that seed setting rate (SSR) was correlated to varying degrees with 11 traits, such as Spike Weight (SW), Spike Length (SL), and Seed Number per Spike (SNPS). The first four principal components accounted for 79.26% of the total variance, effectively capturing most of the information of the original traits. Finally, based on the best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) of phenotypic data, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted using a membership function analysis that integrated heading rate (HR) and seed setting rate (SSR), and 50 elite accessions were identified. This study provides support for further gene mining, genotype-phenotype association analysis, and molecular breeding.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, Phenotype, Seed setting rate, Comprehensive evaluation, Elite germplasm accessions

摘要: 本研究以300份羊草[Leymus chinensis (Trin. ex Bunge) Tzvelev]种质为材料,针对其结实率低等生产问题,通过连续三年田间试验,系统测定了抽穗期株高、成熟期株高、叶长和叶宽4个生长性状,以及抽穗率、穗重、穗长、穗节数、小穗数、每小穗小花数、每穗种子数和结实率8个结实相关性状。多样性分析和聚类分析显示,群体具有丰富的遗传背景:变异系数为10.73%~51.86%,遗传多样性指数为1.853~2.068;300份资源可聚为4个类群。相关性分析表明,结实率与穗长、穗重、每穗种子数等11个指标存在不同程度的相关关系。主成分分析的前4个主成分累计贡献率达79.26%,可有效代表原始性状的绝大部分信息。最终,基于表型数据的最佳线性无偏估计值(Best linear unbiased estimator,BLUE),利用综合隶属函数结合抽穗率和结实率表现,综合评价筛选出50份优异种质资源。本研究为后续基因挖掘、表型-基因型耦合分析和生物育种提供支撑。

关键词: 羊草, 表型, 结实率, 综合评价, 优异资源

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