Abstract: Spring rest-grazing is a successful stratagem for the sustainable development of animal husbandry.The rest-grazing in spring was actualized in pasture areas of four banners in Hulunbir from 2003 to 2005.In order to know the effect of spring rest-grazing on steppe vegetation,the plant biomass,height,and coverage,etc.in and outside of the fenced areas were studied in August 2005.The main results show that the biomass,height and coverage degree of vegetation in areas with 2-or 3-year spring rest-grazing were higher than those in continuous grazing areas.The 87.5%,93%,and 86% of the monitoring plots displayed that spring rest-grazing had positive effect on the vegetation coverage,height,and aboveground biomass,respectively.Along with the years of spring rest-grazing,the steppe vegetation presented a good tendency of restoration with the preponderant species changed to Stipa baicalensis Roshev.,Aneurolepidum chinense(Trin.) Kitag.,and Cleistogenes squarrosa(Trin.) Keng,while the species in Chenopodiaceae and Compositae families and other mixed grasses decreased.

Key words: Hulunbir steppe, Grassland productivity, Spring rest-grazing, Grazing system

摘要： 为及时掌握呼伦贝尔牧业四旗天然草地春季休牧效果,2005年8月,对春季休牧区和其相应连续放牧区草地进行植物地上生物量、高度、盖度植被组成等方面的监测调查.结果表明:休牧2、3年后草地在生物量、盖度、高度等方面上高于连续放牧的草地;分别有87.5%、93%和86%的监测点显示春季休牧对植被盖度、高度、地上生物量有正面效应.随着休牧年限增加,植被优势种呈现一定的变化,逐渐以贝加尔针茅、羊草、糙隐子草为主,藜科、菊科植物及杂类草减少,围栏休牧区植被呈现良性恢复趋势.

关键词: 呼伦贝尔草原, 草地生产力, 春季休牧, 放牧制度