
山西省苹果树腐烂病菌的种群结构分析
Population structure of Valsa species from Malus pumila in Shanxi Province
为明确山西省苹果树腐烂病菌的分布与组成,本研究采集并分离得到来自山西省8个苹果树种植区有代表性的78株腐烂病菌,通过形态特征观察及利用2个DNA片段(ITS和EF1α)构建系统发育树等方法对其遗传结构进行了研究。结果表明山西省苹果树腐烂病由苹果黑腐皮壳菌Valsa mali和梨黑腐皮壳菌Valsa pyri 2个致病种所致,其中V. pyri是优势种,分布于山西省各个苹果树种植区,占菌株总数的58.97%。以山西省8个苹果树种植区腐烂病菌各个种的相对频率进行聚类分析,欧式距离9作为聚类分割点将其种群结构分为3类。第Ⅰ类包括忻州、朔州2个苹果树种植区,V. pyri为该类型苹果树种植区的致病菌、相对频率为100%。第Ⅱ类包括晋城、长治、临汾、太原、运城5个苹果树种植区,V. pyri是这5个种植区的优势种。第Ⅲ类包含晋中1个苹果树种植区,V. mali是该种植区的优势种。
The pathogens caused apple Valsa canker were investigated morphologically and phylogenetically (ITS and EF1α) based on 78 isolates from 8 apple planting areas in Shanxi Province. The results show that Valsa spp. from Shanxi Province belong to V. mali and V. pyri. V. pyri is dominant and detected in all apple planting areas in Shanxi Province, accounting for 58.97% of the total number of the strains obtained. Relative frequency of Valsa species from the areas investigated was analyzed by SPSS 19.0, and the species were grouped into three clusters at grouping pointing 9 of euclidean distance. ClusterⅠincludes two apple planting area (Xinzhou and Shuozhou) where the pathogen was V. pyri with the relative frequency of 100%. Cluster Ⅱ includes five apple planting area (Jincheng, Changzhi, Linfen, Taiyuan and Yuncheng), where V. pyri is the dominant species. Cluster Ⅲ includes only one planting area (Jinzhong), where V. mali is the dominant species.
苹果树 / 腐烂病菌 / 系统发育 / 种群结构 {{custom_keyword}} /
apple tree / Valsa species / molecular phylogeny / population structure {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 供试腐烂病菌菌株编号及来源Table 1 Information of Valsa species from Shanxi Province |
种 Species | 采集地 Origin | 菌株 Strain | 菌株数 Number of strains | 相对频率 Relative frequency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
V. mali | 运城 Yuncheng | YC0136, YC102, YC095, YC90, YC086, YC083, YC077 | 7 | 46.7 |
临汾 Linfen | LF097, LF095, LF092, LF043, LF015 | 5 | 41.7 | |
晋中 Jinzhong | JZ159, JZ149, JZ144, JZ146, JZ135, JZ064 JZ069, JZ065, JZ060, JZ049 | 10 | 66.7 | |
忻州 Xinzhou | -- | 0 | 0 | |
朔州 Shuozhou | -- | 0 | 0 | |
晋城 Jincheng | JC206, JC202, JC199 | 3 | 33.3 | |
太原 Taiyuan | TY133, TY135, TY129, TY121 | 4 | 44.4 | |
长治 Changzhi | CZ190, CZ179, CZ165 | 3 | 37.5 | |
V. pyri | 运城 Yuncheng | YC050, YC049, YC047, YC046, YC45 YC071, YC044, YC048 | 8 | 53.3 |
临汾 Linfen | LF039, LF037, LF035, LF031, LF030, LF027, LF023 | 7 | 58.3 | |
晋中 Jinzhong | JZ134, JZ128, JZ125, JZ120, JZ115 | 5 | 33.3 | |
忻州 Xinzhou | XZ178, XZ175, XZ173, XZ074, XZ073 | 5 | 100 | |
朔州 Shuozhou | SZ212, SZ211, SZ210, SZ209, SZ207 | 5 | 100 | |
晋城 Jincheng | JC209, JC208, JC201, JC185, JC183, JC180 | 6 | 66.7 | |
太原 Taiyuan | TY132, TY130, TY120, TY118, TY117 | 5 | 55.6 | |
长治 Changzhi | CZ200, CZ197, CZ195, CZ189, CZ186 | 5 | 62.5 |
Note: There are 4 strains (JZ069, JZ065, JZ060, JZ049) from Taigu county of Jinzhong city and all of them are Valsa mali; there are 3 strains (YC071, YC044, YC048) from Yanhu district of Yuncheng city and all of them are V. pyri. | |
注:在晋中市太谷县分离出4株菌(JZ069、JZ065、JZ060、JZ049),全部为Valsa mali;在运城市盐湖区分离分离出3株菌(YC071、YC044、YC048),全部为V. pyri. |
表2 23株山西省苹果树腐烂病菌的rDNA-ITS和EF1α的GenBank登入号Table 2 Isolates and GenBank accession numbers of 23 isolates of Valsa species from Shanxi Province |
Species | Origin | Isolates | GenBank accession numbers of Valsa species | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | EF1α | ||||
V. pyri | 运城 Yuncheng | YC047 | KX196239 | KX273798 | |
YC046 | KX196257 | KX273802 | |||
临汾 Linfen | LF035 | KX196253 | KX273805 | ||
晋中 Jinzhong | JZ120 | KX196251 | KX273799 | ||
JZ125 | KX196247 | KX273820 | |||
忻州 Xinzhou | XZ073 | KX196238 | KX273809 | ||
XZ175 | KX196245 | KX273807 | |||
朔州 Shuozhou | SZ211 | KX196237 | KX273808 | ||
SZ210 | KX196258 | KX273803 | |||
晋城 Jincheng | JC209 | KX196248 | KX273800 | ||
JC201 | KX196246 | KX273804 | |||
太原 Taiyuan | TY130 | KX196243 | KX273819 | ||
TY118 | KX196240 | KX273801 | |||
TY132 | KX196242 | KX273810 | |||
长治 Changzhi | CZ195 | KX196259 | KX273806 | ||
V. mali | 运城 Yuncheng | YC102 | KX196256 | KX273812 | |
临汾 Linfen | LF095 | KX196249 | KX273816 | ||
晋中 Jinzhong | JZ159 | KX196255 | KX273817 | ||
JZ144 | KX196241 | KX273811 | |||
JZ064 | KX196244 | KX273814 | |||
长治 Changzhi | JC206 | KX196254 | KX273813 | ||
太原 Taiyuan | TY121 | KX196252 | KX273815 | ||
长治 Changzhi | CZ190 | KX196250 | KX273818 | ||
V. pyri | Vp134 | JN662366 | JQ900325 | ||
Vp014 | JN673554 | JQ900327 | |||
V. mali | Vm 008 | JN412599 | JQ900314 | ||
Vm 024 | GU174588 | JQ900313 | |||
Vm 142 | JN792572 | JQ900309 | |||
Vm 143 | JN792571 | JQ900310 | |||
V. malicola | Vmlicola 001 | JN545839 | JQ900336 | ||
Vmlicola 136 | GU174579 | JQ900335 | |||
Vmlicola 137 | GU174578 | JQ900334 | |||
V. leucostoma | Vleucostoma 32W | JN584644 | JQ900339 |
Note: Sequences for Vp014, Vp134, Vm008, Vm024, Vm142, Vm143, Vmalicola 001, Vmalicola 136, Vmalicola 137 and Vleucostoma 32W were obtained from GenBank. |
图3 山西省各个苹果树种植区腐烂病菌的组成与分布 A:山西省各个苹果树种植区腐烂病菌的百分比;B:山西省苹果树和梨树种植面积.Fig. 3 Distribution and species composition of Valsa spp. from apple planting areas in Shanxi Province. A: Composition of Valsa species from different areas; B: Apple and pear tree planting areas in Shanxi Province. |
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