草地学报

›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 772-777.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2012.04.028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

模拟亚洲小车蝗为害与草地植被恢复能力研究

刘朝阳1, 刘艳2, 曹广春1, 牙森·沙力1, 吴惠惠1, 王广君1, 张泽华1   

  1. 1. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 农业部锡林郭勒草原有害生物科学观测实验站, 内蒙古 锡林浩特 026000;
    2. 沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110866
  • 收稿日期:2011-12-28 修回日期:2012-02-22 出版日期:2012-08-15 发布日期:2012-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 张泽华
  • 作者简介:刘朝阳(1987-),男,河北石家庄人,硕士,研究方向为蝗虫生态学,E-mail: liuzhaoyang2008@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项 "草原虫害监测预警及防控技术研究与示范" (20100379)资助

Simulate Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bienko Harm and Grassland Vegetation Recovery

LIU Zhao-yang1, LIU Yan2, CAO Guang-chun1, YASEN稴hali1, WU Hui-hui1, WANG Guang-jun1, ZHANG Ze-hua1   

  1. 1. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilingol Rangeland, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolia 026000, China;
    2. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
  • Received:2011-12-28 Revised:2012-02-22 Online:2012-08-15 Published:2012-08-28

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摘要： 根据生命表设置成虫密度A=12头·m-2和B=15头·m-2共2个处理,模拟亚洲小车蝗(Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bienko)各虫态取食。结果表明:植被无干扰恢复3年后,草地群落结构Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和物种丰富度在A样地为0.82和3.40,在B样地为0.74和3.40,与对照相比均无显著差异;2个样地Pielou均匀度指数分别为0.69和0.60,显著高于对照(P＜0.05)。植被恢复演替进程中建群种克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii Roshev.)优势度逐年提高,小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylia Lam.)和冷蒿(Artemisia frigida Willd.)等退化标志植物优势度呈下降趋势。草地生产力水平和植被盖度在A样地为155.16 g·m-2和59.10%,与对照无显著差异;B样地为139.76 g·m-2和54.2%,显著低于对照(P＜0.05)。用克氏针茅生殖生长指标评价群落恢复状况,结果表明抽穗率、分蘖数和冠幅在A样地为41.55%,45.20个和32.69 cm,B样地为41.76%,44.60个和27.16 cm,除B样地冠幅27.16 cm与对照显著差异外(P＜0.05),其余性状与对照均无显著差异。模拟亚洲小车蝗为害的草地在3年后植被得到了一定恢复,但个别指标仍与对照存在显著差距,完全恢复到对照水平需更长时间。

关键词: 亚洲小车蝗, 草地, 克氏针茅, 植被恢复

Abstract: According to the life table of Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bienko natural population, two different adult densities ( A=12·m-2 and B=15·m-2) were simulated. Results indicated that grassland vegetation had got some restoration without interference three years later. Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Species richness index were 0.82 and 3.40 in plot A, 0.74 and 3.40 in plot B, respectively. There was no significant difference compared to control group. However, Pielou evenness index in both plots were 0.69 and 0.60, respectively, and significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). During restoring succession, the dominance of constructive species (Stipa krylovii Roshev.) gradually increased, whereas the dominant mark plants of degenerated grassland such as Caragana microphylia Lam., Artemisia frigida Willd. showed a decreasing trend. Grassland productivity and coverage were 155.16 g·m-2 and 59.10% in plot A and no significant difference compared with control group, whereas they were 139.76 g·m-2 and 54.2% in plot B and significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05). Both reproductive and growth indicators of Stipa krylovii Roshev. were used to evaluate community restoration situation. Results showed that the tassel ratio, tiller number and canopy breadth were 41.55%, 45.20 and 32.69 cm in plot A; and 41.76%, 44.60 and 27.16 cm in plot B, respectively. The canopy breadth in plot B was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05). So it will take longer time for degenerated grassland to completely restore to control level.

Key words: Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bienko, Grassland, Stipa krylovii Roshev., Vegetation restoration

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