草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 1342-1347.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.06.030

• 技术开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

管理措施对华北驼绒藜结实率和千粒重的影响

卢立娜1, 贺晓2, 李青丰2, 易津2, 何金军3, 郭春燕4   

  1. 1. 鄂尔多斯市林业治沙科学研究院, 内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000;
    2. 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;
    3. 鄂尔多斯市林业工作站, 内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000;
    4. 内蒙古自治区气象服务中心, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-16 修回日期:2013-12-17 出版日期:2014-12-15 发布日期:2014-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 贺晓
  • 作者简介:卢立娜(1981-),女,内蒙古通辽人,工程师,从事林业治沙科学研究,E-mail:lln810210@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(30560099)资助

Influences of Management Measures on the Seed Set and 1000-grain Weight of Ceratoides arborescens

LU Li-na1, HE Xiao2, LI Qing-feng2, YI Jin2, HE Jin-jun3, GUO Chun-Yan4   

  1. 1. Ordos Forestry and Desert Control Research Institute, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017000, China;
    2. College of Eco-environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010019, China;
    3. Ordos Forestry Working Station, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017000, China;
    4. Inner Mongolia Meteorological Service Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
  • Received:2013-10-16 Revised:2013-12-17 Online:2014-12-15 Published:2014-12-01

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摘要：

运用修剪、疏枝、大量元素肥料追施以及微量元素喷施技术处理华北驼绒藜(Ceratoides arborescens),通过测定结实率和种子千粒重探讨管理措施对多年生牧草结实及种子质量的影响.结果表明:雄花现蕾前修剪枝条种子千粒重显著低于对照(P<0.05),结实率差异不显著,雄花现蕾后修剪枝条结实率、千粒重均显著提高(P<0.05);保留5个生殖枝/株和10个生殖枝/株较对照显著提高了结实率和千粒重(P<0.05);施氮肥处理结实率和千粒重均显著高于对照(P<0.05),施钾肥处理结实率与对照差异不明显;追施B肥能显著提高结实率(P<0.05),Mn肥和4种微量元素的混合液显著降低结实率(P<0.05),B,Zn,Mo和Mn肥单独使用均能明显提高种子千粒重(P<0.05),混合使用显著降低千粒重(P<0.05).通过对植株自身资源的调控和外配营养来提高结实和种子质量说明华北驼绒藜结实存在资源的限制,适当疏枝使华北驼绒藜侧枝数、结实率和种子千粒重发生超补偿生长,在长期的进化过程中华北驼绒藜可以根据资源的有效性,在结实率和个体大小之间权衡,调整资源分配,确保最大的生殖适合度,具有复杂的繁殖对策.

关键词: 华北驼绒藜, 结实率, 千粒重, 修剪, 疏枝, 施肥, 生殖适合度

Abstract:

Trimming, thinning, fertilization and spraying micro-nutrients were utilized to investigate the influences of management measures on the seed set and 1000-grain weight of Ceratoides arborescens. The results showed that clipping branches before the bloom stage of male flower decreased 1000-grain weight significantly and did not significantly affect seed set, whereas clipping branches after bloom stage of male flower increased 1000-grain weight and seed set significantly. The 1000-grain weight and seed set of C. arborescens with 5 and 10 fertile tillers per plant were significantly higher than that of control. Nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the 1000-grain weight and seed set of C. arborescens compared to control, whereas potash fertilizer did not do so. The seed sets of C. arborescens significantly increased by spraying B, Mn, Mo and Zn, respectively, whereas the seed sets of C. arborescens significantly decreased by spraying all four micro-nutrients. The 1000-grain weight of C. arborescens significantly increased by spraying micro-nutrients B, Mo, Zn, and Mn, respectively, whereas significantly decreased by spraying all four micro-nutrients. There was resource limitation to lifetime seed production through regulating its own resources and supplying nutrients to improve the seed quality and seed set of this plant. Appropriate thinning prompted the over-compensatory growths of lateral branch, 1000-grain weight and seed set. Therefore, C. arborescens has a complex reproductive strategy that provides adaptability to environment by adjusting its resource allocation and balance between seed set and seed size according to resource availability.

Key words: Ceratoides arborescens, Seed set, 1000-grain weight, Thinning, Trimming, Fertilization, Reproductive fitness

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