草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 895-900.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.04.028

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

果树行间生草对苹果园土壤肥力的影响

李尚玮1, 杨文权2, 赵冉3, 韩明玉4, 寇建村1   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    3. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    4. 西北农林科技大学园艺学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2015-10-28 修回日期:2016-07-06 出版日期:2016-08-15 发布日期:2016-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 寇建村,E-mail:jiancun02@163.com
  • 作者简介:李尚玮(1990-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为牧草生理生态,E-mail:lishangwei6636@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（31302027）；国家科技支撑项目（2013BAD20B03）；国家苹果产业技术体系项目（CARS-28）；中央高校基本科研业务费（2452015071）（2452015298）资助

Effects of Growing Grass on Soil Fertility of the Apple Orchard

LI Shang-wei1, YANG Wen-quan2, ZHAO Ran3, HAN Ming-yu4, KOU Jian-cun1   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    2. College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    3. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    4. College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
  • Received:2015-10-28 Revised:2016-07-06 Online:2016-08-15 Published:2016-11-29

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摘要：

为了解长期生草对果园土壤肥力的影响，以苹果树（Malus pumila Mill.）行间种植白三叶（Trifolium repens L.）、高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb.）和自然生草的土壤为处理，以“清耕”的果树行间土壤为对照，研究生草6年后苹果园土壤肥力变化。结果表明：在0~20 cm土壤中，生草和“清耕”的土壤全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮含量均随土层加深呈下降的趋势。相比于对照，白三叶能显著（P<0.05）提高土壤全氮、速效氮、硝态氮、铵态氮和有机质的含量，而高羊茅对全磷、全钾和速效钾的含量有显著提高（P<0.05），自然生草对提高速效磷含量的效果最好。说明生草可以提高果园土壤肥力，但不同草种对土壤氮、磷、钾的影响不一，应该合理配置草种，保证氮、磷、钾的均衡供应。

关键词: 种草, 苹果园, 土壤肥力, 白三叶, 高羊茅

Abstract:

In order to learn the effect of the long-term grass-interplanted orchard on soil fertility, the soil fertility of the apple orchard was studied on the sixth year after the grasses-interplanting. The treatments were the apple (Malus pumila Mill.) orchards interplanting with white clover (Trifolium repens L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and the natural grasses, respectively. The cleaning-tillage orchard was taken as the control. The results showed with the soil depth increased in the 0~20 cm, the total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), the nitrate and ammonium N of all treatments and the control tended to decrease. Compared with the control, white clover significantly increased the total N, the available N, the nitrate N, the ammonium N and the content of the organic matter of soil (P<0.05). Tall fescue significantly increased the total P, the total and the available kalium (K) (P<0.05). The natural grasses had the best effect on the improvement of the available soil P. In conclusion, interplanting grasses in apple orchard could increase soil fertility, but different grasses had different effects on the soil N, P and K. Therefore, it is important to choose the right grass to ensure the balanced supply of N, P and K.

Key words: Planting grass, Apple orchard, Soil fertility, White clover, Tall fescue

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