草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 884-893.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.05.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

贮藏方式和贮藏时间对苜蓿干草霉菌数量和种类的影响

孙雷雷1, 赵桂琴1, 柴继宽1, 刘富渊2, 聂秀美1, 王军1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃大业草产品研究所有限责任公司, 甘肃 酒泉 735000
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-25 修回日期:2021-01-09 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 赵桂琴,E-mail:zhaogq@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙雷雷(1995-)，男，江苏邳州人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草种质资源与育种研究，E-mail：1663087630@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学科技创新基金-盛彤笙创新基金（GSAU-STS-2018-21）；十三五国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0502103）资助

Effects of Storage Methods and Time on Mould Quantity and Species in Alfalfa Hay

SUN Lei-lei1, ZHAO Gui-qin1, CHAI Ji-kuan1, LIU Fu-yuan2, Nie Xiumei1, WANG Jun1   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology System, Ministry of Education, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Gansu Daye Forage Product Institute Co., Ltd., Jiuquan, Gansu Province 735000, China
  • Received:2020-11-25 Revised:2021-01-09 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-06-02

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摘要： 为探讨贮藏方式和贮藏时间对苜蓿（Medicago sativa）干草霉菌数量和种类的影响，本研究在甘肃省酒泉市肃州区采集露天贮藏、苫布贮藏和储草棚贮藏下不同贮藏时间的苜蓿干草，用PDA平皿培养法、形态鉴定法和rDNA-ITS序列分析法对霉菌的数量和种类进行了鉴定和分析。结果表明：贮藏方式和时间对苜蓿干草的霉菌数量和种类有显著影响；在为期360 d的贮藏过程中，苜蓿干草的霉菌数量总体呈上升趋势；3种贮藏方式中，露天贮藏的霉菌数量最多、变幅最大（4.57×103~1.74×104个·g-1），苫布贮藏的次之，储草棚贮藏的霉菌数量最低、变幅最小（3.31×103~7.29×103个·g-1）；共检出真菌16属41种，优势属为链格孢属，枝孢属和曲霉属；随着贮藏时间的延长，苜蓿干草的霉菌种类呈先增后降再增的趋势，储草棚贮藏的苜蓿干草霉菌种类变化最小。因此，在甘肃河西地区，苜蓿干草宜采用储草棚贮藏，且贮藏期不宜超过7个月。

关键词: 苜蓿干草, 贮藏方式, 贮藏时间, 真菌数量与种类

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of storage methods and time on mould quantity and species in alfalfa hay,different stored samples were taken from hay harvested in Suzhou District of Jiuquan City in Gnasu Province,including stored outdoors with or without tarp cover and under shelter with 360 days storage period. PDA plate culture,morphological identification and rDNA-ITS sequence were used to detect and identify mould quantity and species. The results showed that both storage methods and time had significant influences on fungi quantity and species. During 360 days storage period,the mould quantity increased generally. Among 3 storage methods,alfalfa hay stored outdoors without tarp cover had the greatest moulds counts and fluctuation (4.57×103~1.74×104 count·g-1),followed by hay stored outdoors with tarp cover. The least moulds counts and variation (3.31×103~7.29×103count·g-1) were observed in alfalfa hay stored under shelter. A total of 41 fungi species of 16 genera were detected,and the dominant genera were Alternaria sp.,Cladosporium sp. and Aspergillus sp..With increasing storage time,the number of detected fungi species showed an increasing-reducing-increasing trend. Alfalfa hay stored under shelter showed the least variation. In conclusion,alfalfa hay in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province should be stored under shelter with no longer than 7 months of storage time.

Key words: Alfalfa hay, Storage method, Storage time, Quantity and species of storage fungi

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