草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 611-623.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.02.023

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

20份黄花苜蓿种质低温胁迫生理响应及抗寒性评价

段伟, 穆妮热·米吉提, 加米丽古丽·伊明, 王玉祥, 李倩   

  1. 1. 西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室, 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-10 修回日期:2025-05-21 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 李倩,E-mail:540794898@qq.com
  • 作者简介:段伟(2001-),男,汉族,湖南衡阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事草种质资源育种研究,E-mail:1929674782@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2023B02031);自治区人才发展基金“天池英才”引进计划项目;作物学博士后流动站资助

Physiological Responses to Low-Temperature Stress and Cold Resistance Evaluation of 20 Medicago falcata Germplasms

DUAN Wei, MIJIT Munire, YIMIN Jamilaigul, WANG Yu-xiang, LI Qian   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Science Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China
  • Received:2025-04-10 Revised:2025-05-21 Published:2026-01-22

摘要: 为筛选耐寒型黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)材料并阐明其低温生理响应机制,本研究系统评价了20份种质在梯度低温胁迫(25℃,10℃,5℃,0℃)下的生理及叶绿素荧光特性。通过测定7项关键指标发现:随温度降低,丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)、可溶性糖(Soluble sugar,SS)、脯氨酸(Proline,Pro)含量及初始荧光(Initial fluorescence,Fo)呈上升趋势,在0℃均显著增加(P<0.05);而叶绿素相对含量(Soil and plant analyzer development,SPAD)、最大荧光(Maximum fluorescence,Fm)和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II,Fv/Fm)呈下降趋势。基于隶属函数法结合标准差系数赋权法的综合评价表明,M4,M1,M10等种质表现出较强耐寒性。逐步回归分析进一步建立了耐寒性预测模型(R2=0.932),确定Fv/Fm和SS含量为关键评价指标。研究结果为苜蓿抗寒育种提供了优异种质和理论依据,建议后续结合组学等技术深入解析其分子调控网络。

关键词: 黄花苜蓿, 低温胁迫, 生理响应, 叶绿素荧光, 耐寒性评价

Abstract: To screen cold-tolerant Medicago falcata germplasms and to clarify their physiological response mechanisms to low-temperature stress, this study systematically evaluated the physiological and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of 20 accessions under gradient low-temperature stresses (25℃, 10℃, 5℃, 0℃). By measuring seven key indicators, it was found that the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar (SS), and proline (Pro), as well as the level of initial fluorescence (Fo), exhibited upward trends with decreasing temperature, all significantly increasing at 0℃ (P<0.05); while the relative chlorophyll content (Soil and plant analyzer development, SPAD), maximum fluorescence (Fm), and maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, Fv/Fm) showed downward trends. A comprehensive evaluation using the membership function method combined with the standard deviation coefficient weighting method identified M4, M1, and M10 as accessions with stronger cold tolerance. Stepwise regression analysis further established a cold tolerance prediction model (R2=0.932), confirming Fv/Fm and SS content as critical evaluation indices. These results provide excellent germplasm resources and a theoretical basis for cold-tolerance breeding of alfalfa, and it is recommended that future research integrate omics technologies to further elucidate the underlying molecular regulatory networks.

Key words: Medicago falcata, Low-temperature stress, Physiological response, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Cold resistance evaluation