草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 2814-2825.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

基于GWAS挖掘羊草结实率及种子产量相关标记与候选基因

魏佳1, 刘真真1, 徐欣欣1, 牟林林2, 董弘斌3, 高秋3, 洪军3, 王建丽2, 马西青1   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086;
    3. 全国畜牧总站, 北京 100125
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-17 修回日期:2026-04-02 发布日期:2026-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 马西青,E-mail:ma2016@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:魏佳(2002-),女,汉族,河南新蔡人,博士研究生,主要从事草类育种与种子科学研究,E-mail:weijia_ke@126.com

GWAS-Based Identification of Markers and Candidate Genes for Seed Setting Rate and Seed Yield in Leymus chinensis

WEI Jia1, LIU Zhen-zhen1, XU Xin-xin1, MU Lin-lin2, DONG Hong-bin3, GAO Qiu3, HONG Jun3, WANG Jian-li2, MA Xi-qing1   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150086, China;
    3. National Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 100125, China
  • Received:2026-03-17 Revised:2026-04-02 Published:2026-08-04

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摘要： 羊草（Leymus chinensis）是欧亚草原东部的主要建群种，生态与生产价值显著，但种子产量低严重制约其产业化应用。为定位羊草种子产量性状的关联位点，挖掘关键分子标记，本研究以300份羊草种质为材料，测定小穗数、每穗小花数、总小花数、每穗种子数及结实率5个产量性状，采用混合线性模型进行全基因组关联分析（Genome wide association study， GWAS），挖掘和羊草结实率性状相关的分子标记和候选基因。结果表明，每穗种子数变异幅度最大（CV=0.52），遗传改良潜力高；结实率是种子产量的关键限制因子，受独立的遗传机制调控。GWAS分析结合基因功能注释共筛选出120个关键单核苷酸多态性（Single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）位点，并鉴定到调控种子产量的关键候选基因EZ1及多个MADS-box，WRKY类等转录因子。基于14个与结实率显著关联的SNP位点，共获得8个优异等位变异，其中，位点Lc5Ns_97563471的CT基因型结实率均值高达66.6%。本研究揭示了羊草种子产量受多基因调控的遗传特性，获得的候选基因及优异SNP位点可直接用于分子标记辅助育种。

关键词: 羊草, 结实率, 种子产量, 全基因组关联分析, 优异等位变异

Abstract: Leymus chinensis is the main dominant species in the eastern Eurasian steppe， with significant ecological and production values. However， its low seed yield severely restricts its practical application. To identify the associated loci for the seed yield traits of L. chinensis and to discover key molecular markers， this study used 300 diverse accessions of L. chinensis as materials， measured five yield traits including spikelet number per spike， floret number per spikelet， total number of florets， seed number per spikelet and seed setting rate， and conducted a genome-wide association analysis （GWAS） using a mixed linear model. The results showed that seed number per spikelet exhibited the highest coefficient of variation （CV=0.52）， indicating substantial potential for genetic improvement. The seed setting rate was regulated by an independent genetic mechanism and was the key limiting factor for seed yield. GWAS analysis combined with gene functional annotation identified 120 key single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） and identified EZ1 and multiple MADS-box and WRKY transcription factors as key candidate genes regulating seed yield. Based on 14 SNPs significantly associated with seed setting rate， 8 elite alleles were obtained. Notably， the CT genotype at the Lc5Ns_97563471 locus exhibited a high mean seed setting rate of 66.6%. This study revealed the genetic characteristics of L. chinensis seed yield being regulated by multiple genes， and the identified candidate genes and elite SNP loci can serve as direct targets for molecular marker-assisted breeding.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, Seed setting rate, Seed yield, Genome-wide association study, Superior allelic variation

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