草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 3674-3684.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.014

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

燕麦具芒突变体及其野生型对干旱胁迫的生理响应差异分析

赵波1, 周瑞春2, 刘娟2, 蔺豆豆1, 赵桂琴1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃省山丹县畜牧技术推广站, 甘肃 张掖 734100
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-10 修回日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 赵桂琴, E-mail: zhaogq@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:赵波（2002-），男，汉族，甘肃天水人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草种质资源及育种研究，E-mail：bzhao1717@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省优秀博士生项目（24JRRA680）资助

Analysis of Physiological Response Differences of Oat Awned Mutant and Its Wild Type to Drought Stress

ZHAO Bo1, ZHOU Rui-chun2, LIU Juan2, LIN Dou-dou1, ZHAO Gui-qin1   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education/Sino-U. S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Shandan County Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Zhangye, Gansu Province 734100, China
  • Received:2025-12-10 Revised:2026-02-28 Published:2026-10-10

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摘要： 为了解化学诱变获得的燕麦（Avena sativa L.）具芒突变体及其野生型对干旱胁迫的生理响应差异，以‘爱沃’无芒野生型及其M5代具芒突变体为材料，采用盆栽控水试验，设置75%，60%和45%田间持水量，分析苗期、分蘖期和拔节期的抗氧化及光合生理指标。结果表明：基因型、水分胁迫和生育时期对各指标具有显著影响。干旱条件下，具芒突变体的超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）、过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT）和过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）活性显著升高，丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）含量降低；同时维持较高的净光合速率（Net photosynthetic rate，Pn）和水分利用效率（Water use efficiency，WUE），在拔节期重度胁迫下Pn提高20.27%。此外，突变体的PSⅡ实际量子产量（Actual quantum yield of PSⅡ，ΦPSⅡ）和相对电子传递速率（Relative electron transport rate，ETR）有所提高，非光化学淬灭系数（Non-photochemical quenching，NPQ）降低。具芒突变体通过增强抗氧化能力和维持光系统稳定性，提高了抗旱性。

关键词: 燕麦, 芒, 干旱胁迫, 抗氧化酶, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract: In order to understand the difference of physiological responses to drought stress between oat （Avena sativa L.） awned mutant obtained by chemical mutagenesis and its wild type， the awnless wild type and its M5 awned mutant of ‘Everleaf’ were used as materials. A pot experiment with controlled soil moisture was carried out to analyze the antioxidant and photosynthetic physiological indexes at seedling stage， tillering stage and jointing stage by setting 75%， 60% and 45% field water holding capacity. The results showed that genotype， water stress and growth stage had significant effects on each index. Under drought conditions， the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） in the awned mutant were significantly increased， while the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） was decreased. At the same time， the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and water use efficiency （WUE） were maintained at a high level， and Pn increased by 20.27% under severe stress at jointing stage. In addition， the actual quantum yield of PSⅡ （ΦPSⅡ） and relative electron transport rate （ETR） of the mutant was increased， while the non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） was decreased. In conclusion， the oat awned mutant enhances drought resistance by enhancing antioxidant capacity and maintaining photosystem stability.

Key words: Oat, Awn, Drought stress, Antioxidant enzymes, Photosynthetic characteristics, Chlorophyll fluorescence

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