草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3385-3394.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.022

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

‘云牧1号’象草新品系耐寒性及在云南不同区域的生产性能评价

施丹丹1, 李世平1, 欧阳青1,2, 刘彦培1, 梅娇2, 钟声1   

  1. 1. 云南省草地动物科学研究院, 云南 昆明 650212;
    2. 云南农业大学, 云南 昆明 650201
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-26 修回日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2026-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 钟声, E-mail: zhongshen01@126.com
  • 作者简介:施丹丹(1996-),女,云南昆明人,研究实习员,硕士,主要从事牧草资源评价及育种研究,E-mail:1591382765@qq.com

Cold Tolerance and Production Performance Evaluation of a New Pennisetum purpureum Line ‘Yunmu No.1’ in Different Regions of Yunnan

SHI Dan-dan1, LI Shi-ping1, OUYANG Qing1,2, LIU Yan-pei1, MEI Jiao2, ZHONG Sheng1   

  1. 1. Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650212, China;
    2. Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming, Yunnan Province 650212, China
  • Received:2026-02-26 Revised:2026-04-10 Published:2026-09-11

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摘要： 基于多年多点田间试验与生理光合测定，本研究以当地主栽品种‘德宏’（DH）和‘热研4号’（RY-4）象草为对照，系统评估了象草新品系‘云牧1号’（YM-1）的耐寒性与生产适应性。结果表明，参试材料的耐寒性强弱顺序为YM-1>DH>RY-4。YM-1的低温半致死温度（-5.413℃）最低，低温胁迫下超氧化物歧化酶活性显著上升237.12%，丙二醛含量仅微增1.25%，主要以抗氧化机制响应低温；DH则主要通过积累可溶性糖（+76.77%）和脯氨酸（+60.24%）等渗透调节物质响应低温；RY-4抗氧化与渗透调节响应均较弱，丙二醛含量增幅达43.07%。初霜期冻害指数与上述生理指标排序一致。在海拔2350 m条件下，YM-1的萌蔸率（地下芽萌发成新株丛的比例）（50.4%）与返青率（43.0%）均最高，3年平均干草产量比DH和RY-4分别高出6.1%和11.3%。综上，‘云牧1号’兼具耐寒性和高产稳产潜力，适宜在云南高原区2000 m以下复杂环境中推广；基于低温半致死温度、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性、田间冻害表型及自然越冬能力的综合评价方法，可用于象草耐寒性的系统鉴定。

关键词: 象草新品系, 耐寒性, 生产适应性, 冻害生理特性, 低温光合特性

Abstract: Based on multi-year， multi-site field trials combined with physiological and photosynthetic measurements， in this study we evaluated the cold tolerance and production adaptability of a new Pennisetum purpureum line ‘Yunmu No.1’（YM-1）， in comparison with two local predominant cultivars， P. purpureum ‘Dehong’（DH） and P. purpureum ×P. typhoideum ‘Reyan No.4’（RY-4）. The results indicated that the cold tolerance of the tested materials， in descending order， was YM-1>DH>RY-4. YM-1 had the lowest semi-lethal temperature （LT50） of -5.413℃. Under low-temperature stress， its superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity increased significantly by 237.12%， while malondialdehyde （MDA） content increased only marginally by 1.25%， indicating that it primarily responds to low temperature through an antioxidant mechanism. In contrast， DH mainly responded to low temperature by accumulating osmotic adjustment substances， including soluble sugar （+76.77%） and proline （+60.24%）. RY-4 exhibited weak responses in both antioxidant and osmotic adjustment mechanisms， with an MDA increase of 43.07%. The freezing injury index during the first-frost period was consistent with the above physiological ranking. At an altitude of 2350 m， YM-1 showed the highest sprouting rate （50.4%； i.e.， the proportion of stumps with newly sprouted tillers） and regreening rate （43.0%）. Its three-year average hay yield was 6.1% and 11.3% higher than those of DH and RY-4， respectively. In conclusion， ‘Yunmu No.1’ possesses both strong cold tolerance and high and stable yield potential， making it suitable for cultivation in complex environments below 2000 m elevation on the Yunnan Plateau. A comprehensive evaluation method based on LT50， MDA content， SOD activity， field freezing injury phenotype， and natural overwintering capacity can be used for the systematic identification of cold tolerance in Pennisetum purpureum.

Key words: New Pennisetum purpureum line, Cold tolerance, Production adaptability, Freezing injury physiological characteristics, Photosynthetic characteristics under low temperature

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