草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3374-3384.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.021

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

短期氮磷添加对尕海沼泽草甸土壤化学计量特征的影响

王艺凌1, 马维伟1,2, 常文华1, 安娜1, 常佳晨1, 王依秋1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学林学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃尕海湿地生态系统定位观测与研究站, 甘肃 甘南 747200
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 修回日期:2025-11-03 发布日期:2026-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 马维伟, E-mail: mww-007@163.com
  • 作者简介:王艺凌(2002-),女,土家族,湖北恩施人,硕士研究生,主要从事湿地碳氮循环过程研究,E-mail:1073324020234@st.gsau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省2024年度重点人才项目(2024RCXM82);甘肃省教育厅:产业支撑计划项目(2025CYZC-042);甘肃省拔尖领军人才项目(GSBJLJ-2023-09);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24ZYQA023);甘肃省财政专项项目(GSCZZ-20160909)资助;甘肃农业大学研究生联合培养基地(GAU2024-005);2026甘肃省高校研究生“创新之星”(2026CXZC-793)资助

Short-term Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions on Soil Stoichiometric Characteristics in a Swamp Meadow at Gahai

WANG Yi-ling1, MA Wei-wei1,2, CHANG Wen-hua1, AN Na1, CHANG Jia-chen1, WANG Yi-qiu1   

  1. 1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Gansu Gahai Wetland Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Gannan, Gansu Province 747200, China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Revised:2025-11-03 Published:2026-09-11

摘要: 为探究青藏高原高寒湿地土壤碳氮磷含量及其化学计量特征对氮磷添加的响应。本研究以尕海沼泽草甸为研究对象,通过野外控制实验设置对照(CK)、氮添加(N)、磷添加(P)、氮磷添加(NP)四种处理,探究0~40 cm土层土壤养分含量及其化学计量特征对连续3年氮磷添加的响应规律。结果表明:氮、磷和氮磷添加降低土壤pH、容重、含水量和铵态氮含量,而增加地上生物量;且仅氮添加增加硝态氮含量。不同添加处理均降低土壤有机碳、C∶N,而增加全氮、N∶P;氮、磷单独添加显著增加全磷含量而降低C∶P,而氮磷添加下均无显著变化。相关分析显示,C∶N与全氮、N∶P呈极显著负相关;C∶P与有机碳、N∶P,及N∶P与全氮呈显著正相关;土壤全氮是驱动土壤化学计量特征变化的主要因子;效应分析表明,不同添加处理全氮、N∶P均呈正效应。综上,氮磷添加对土壤碳氮磷存在显著影响,为预测高寒湿地生态系统对气候环境变化的响应及制定保护策略提供参考。

关键词: 氮磷添加, 沼泽草甸, 尕海湿地, 土壤化学计量特征

Abstract: To investigate the responses of soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content and their stoichiometric characteristics in alpine wetlands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to nitrogen and phosphorus addition, this study took the Gahai swamp meadow as the research subject. Through field manipulation experiments, four treatments were established: control (CK), nitrogen addition (N), phosphorus addition (P), and combined nitrogen-phosphorus addition (NP). The research explored the response patterns of soil nutrient contents and their stoichiometric characteristics in the 0~40 cm soil layer to three consecutive years of nitrogen and phosphorus addition. Results indicated that nitrogen, phosphorus, and combined nitrogen-phosphorus applications reduced soil pH, bulk density, soil water content, and ammonium nitrogen content while increasing aboveground biomass. Nitrogen application alone increased nitrate nitrogen content. All treatments reduced soil organic carbon and C∶N ratios while increasing total nitrogen and N∶P ratios. Individual nitrogen and phosphorus addition significantly increased total phosphorus content and decreased C∶P ratios, whereas the combined addition of nitrogen-phosphorus showed no significant changes in these parameters. Correlation analysis revealed highly significant negative correlations between C∶N and total nitrogen, as well as N∶P; significant positive correlations existed between C∶P and organic carbon, N∶P, and between N∶P and total nitrogen. Soil total nitrogen emerged as the primary driver of changes in soil stoichiometric characteristics. Effect analysis indicated positive effects of different nutrient additions on both total nitrogen and N∶P ratios. In summary, nitrogen and phosphorus additions exerted significant effects on soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, providing insights for predicting responses of alpine wetland ecosystems to climatic and environmental changes and formulating conservation strategies.

Key words: Nitrogen and phosphorus addition, Swamp meadow, Gahai wetland, Soil stoichiometric characteristics

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