草地学报

›› 2003, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 296-300.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2003.04.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土丘陵半干旱区天然草地土壤水分调控研究

程积民, 万惠娥, 王静, 雍绍萍   

  1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌, 712100
  • 收稿日期:2002-11-26 修回日期:2003-08-26 出版日期:2003-11-15 发布日期:2003-11-15
  • 作者简介:程积民(1955- ),男,博士生导师,研究员,长期从事黄土高原草地生态、退化草地植被恢复与建设等研究,发表论文90余篇,获成果13项
  • 基金资助:
    国家"十五"科技攻关(2001BA508B19)课题;国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(G2000018606);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划项目2002AA6Z3301);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30230290)资助

Soil Water Regulation of the Natural Grassland of Semi-Arid Loess Hilly Region

CHENG Ji-min, WAN Hui-e, WANG Jing, YONG Shao-ping   

  1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Shanxi Province, 712100, China
  • Received:2002-11-26 Revised:2003-08-26 Online:2003-11-15 Published:2003-11-15

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摘要： 以黄土丘陵半干旱区天然草地土壤水分为重点,研究封育和未封草地土壤水分的消耗与恢复过程。结果表明:平水年封育草地鲜草产量达5860.7kg/hm2,未封草地鲜草产量仅785.4kg/hm2,植物生长期降水补充量封育草地39.4mm,未封草地29.2mm;在丰水年干物质生产2.65kg/(hm2·mm);平水年1.94kg/(hm2·mm);枯水年仅0.64kg/(hm2·mm)。在未封草地上采用工程整地措施修筑蓄水带和蓄水沟,13年0～500cm土壤含水量为11.3%～13.5%,比对照提高3.0～5.2个百分点,鲜草产量提高5～8倍。采用调控措施集蓄土壤水分是促进植物生长和提高草地生产力的关键。

关键词: 草原学, 黄土丘陵区, 天然草地, 土壤水分特征, 土壤水分调控

Abstract: A Study of the depletion and restoration of soil water in closed and non-closed natural grassland of the semi-arid loess hilly region shows that with normal rainfall, the yearly fresh yield on the closed grassland amounts to 5860.7 kg/hm2 while that of the non-closed grassland is only 785.4 kg/hm2. During the plant growing period,compensatory water for the closed grassland totalled 39.4 mm, and for the non-closed one,29.2 mm.In an abundant precipitation year,the grassland’s dry substance yield averaged 2.65 kg/(hm2·mm);in a mormal precipitation year,1.94 kg/(hm2·mm), and merely 0.64 kg/(hm2·mm) in a scanty precipitation year. In the non-closed grassland,construction of water-storing ditches and wells had increased the water conent of soil of 0～500 cm depth 11.5%～13.5% in 13 years(1987～1999),3%～5.2% higher than the grassland without constructing any water-storing projects, and had increased the fresh yield by 5～8 times. The soil water regulation plans promote the growth of plant and raise the grassland yield.

Key words: Grassland science, Loess hilly region, Natural crassland, Characteristic and regulation of soil water