草地学报

›› 2006, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (4): 310-314.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2006.04.003

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

扁穗牛鞭草人工种群构件及生物量动态变化

刘金平1,2, 张新全1, 游明鸿1,3   

  1. 1. 四川农业大学草业科学系, 四川雅安, 625014;
    2. 西华师范大学生命科学院, 四川南充, 637002;
    3. 四川草原科学研究院, 四川成都, 611731
  • 收稿日期:2006-03-28 修回日期:2006-07-20 出版日期:2006-11-15 发布日期:2006-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 张新全,E-mail:zhangxq@sicau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘金平(1972- ),男,山西临县人,博士,从事牧草及草坪草育种与种质资源研究
  • 基金资助:
    四川省青年基金(02ZQ026-057);科技部星火计划(2004EA810010)

Dynamical Characteristics of Population Component and Biomass Structure of Cultivated Hemarthria compress Grassland

LIU Jin-ping1,2, ZHANG Xin-quan1, YOU Ming-hong1,3   

  1. 1. Department of Grassland, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya′an, Sichuan Province 625014, China;
    2. Academy of Life Science, West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan Province 737002, China;
    3. Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 611731, China
  • Received:2006-03-28 Revised:2006-07-20 Online:2006-11-15 Published:2006-11-15

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摘要： 测定扁穗牛鞭草(Hemarthria compressa)人工割草地不同生长时期种群构件数量与分布、生物量结构变化,结果表明:在生育期内种群分蘖数呈现双“S”形变化,在再生初期与开花期二级分蘖数量大于一级分蘖,决定产量的一级分蘖在株高50cm时,数量达最大值3640蘖/cm,到孕穗期(株高约80cm)降为2840蘖/cm;单蘖与叶片数均呈双“S”形变化;单蘖叶面积呈“厂”形变化,而叶面积呈现出典型的双“S”形变化;单蘖和叶片生物量分别呈“n”和双“S”形变化;茎的数量与分蘖数变化一致,单蘖和茎生物量并非同步呈双“S”形变化;地上生物量在生育期内呈“S”形变化;牧草质量呈“直线”形下降。

关键词: 扁穗牛鞭草, 人工种群, 构件, 生物量, 牧草

Abstract: Biodiversity is decreasing dramatically with ecological environment deteriorating and human predatory utilization. It has been a critical issue how to protect and study the biodiversity. Hemarthria Compressa is a quality gramineous forage, which is planted in tropical and sub-tropical areas as an excellent grass resource for stockbreeding. In present study, the population component number, distribution, and biomass structure of the cultivated Hemarthria compressa mowing grassland in the different growth period were analyzed. Results show that different curved shapes are seen in the charts among the different parameters. The tiller number of population emerges in an ‘S’ shape during the phenophase. In the early regrowth period and flowering period, the number of secondary tiller is larger than that of the first. When the plant height reaches 50 cm, the number of first tiller which determines the forage yield could ascend to a peak of 3640 tiller/m2. During the booting stage when the plant height is about 80 cm, the number of first tiller drops to 2840 tiller/m2. Meanwhile, the leaf number of each tiller and of the population are both in an ‘S’ shape shown in the chart. The leaf area of each tiller shows a ‘厂’ shape in the chart, while the leaf area of population gives a typical double ‘S’ shape. In addition, the leaf biomass of each tiller and of the population show an ‘n’ and a double ‘S’ shape, respectively. The number of stem is approximately the same as that of the tiller, though the stem biomass of each tiller and of the population are not shown in an ‘S’ shape synchronously. The aboveground biomass of population is of an ‘S’ shape during the phenophase, while the quality of forage deceases linearly. The changes of the component structure and of the number of population reflect the growth stage and the development condition of the population, which decide the distribution of biomass and the econo-mic outputs. Therefore, scientific and reasonable use and management of the cultivated grassland, based on the growth rhythm of the population, is a key project in the future.

Key words: Hemarthria Compressa, Cultivated population, Component, Biomass, Forage

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