草地学报

›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 105-109.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2008.02.001

• 特邀专稿 •    下一篇

防治沙尘暴须坚持草原自然资源可持续利用

苏大学   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京, 100101
  • 收稿日期:2008-02-19 修回日期:2008-03-10 出版日期:2008-04-15 发布日期:2008-04-15
  • 作者简介:苏大学(1941- ),男,江西宜春市人,研究员,长期从事天然草地资源调查、评价、利用和草地生态方面研究工作,已发表《天然草原退化、沙化、盐渍化的分级指标》国家标准和《保护草原减轻沙尘暴危害》等与草原沙尘暴相关论文,E-mail:sudaxue@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国工程院咨询项目(中国区域农业资源合理配置,环境综合治理和农业协调发展战略研究之课题二)

Rooting in the Sustainable Utilization of Rangeland Resources for Sandstorm Prevention

SU Da-xue   

  1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2008-02-19 Revised:2008-03-10 Online:2008-04-15 Published:2008-04-15

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摘要： 开垦草原、过度农垦和撂荒、过度利用水资源、超采地下水,导致干旱区土地沙化、沙尘源面积扩大;草原持续超载过牧,滥采滥挖草原的植物资源,无序开发草原矿产资源,人为破坏草原植被,造成草原沙化;超越水土资源承载力,追求高产出的不当农业经营方式,违反自然规律的生态建设,造就了新的沙尘源,助长了沙尘暴的暴发。通过采用资源可持续利用技术、降低草原和土地利用强度、恢复干旱草原以牧为主的经营方式等措施,可以提高植被覆盖度,减少裸露旱作农田、撂荒地等沙尘源面积,从而减少沙尘暴的暴发次数,减轻其危害程度。

关键词: 草原资源, 草原承载力, 可持续利用, 沙尘暴防治

Abstract: Rangeland reclamation,excessive agricultural farming and desolation,uninhibited use of water resources and overexploitation of groundwater cause the desertification of soil in arid area and expansion of sandstorm source area.The durative over-load grazing of rangeland,arbitrary mining,and man-made destruction of rangeland vegetation result in the desertification of rangeland.Agricultural management pursuing high output beyond the capacity of land and water resources and ecological constructions violating the order of nature induce new sand sources and contribute to sandstorm formation.Adoption of sustainable resource utilization techniques,reduction in the exploitation intensity of rangeland and soil,and restoration of taking grazing as the main management in arid rangeland can increase vegetation coverage,reduce sandstorm sources such as exposed soil and desolated farmland,and further reduce the outbreak frequency and the damage severity of sandstorm.

Key words: Rangeland resource, Capacity of rangeland, Sustainable utilization, Prevention of sandstorm

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