当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.01.004

草地学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 26-31.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.01.004

当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策

王琦, 师尚礼, 曹文侠

甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2016-05-16 修回日期:2016-12-14 出版日期:2017-02-15 发布日期:2017-05-06
通讯作者: 师尚礼,E-mail:shishl@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:王琦(1970-),男,甘肃陇西人,博士,副教授,主要从事牧草、作物和草坪节水灌溉技术,E-mail:wangqigsau@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家牧草产业技术体系项目（CARS-35）资助

The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present

WANG Qi, SHI Shang-li, CAO Wen-xia

College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Provine 730070, China

Received:2016-05-16 Revised:2016-12-14 Online:2017-02-15 Published:2017-05-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

草田是人类和动物等的食物资源和栖息环境，具有涵养水源、保护生态多样性、减缓气候变化和维持地区可持续发展等作用。目前气候变化、人口增加、水资源和能源资源短缺等对国际草田资源带来严重威胁。为了提高土地生产力，养活不断增加的人口，近几十年大部分国家将半自然状态草地转变农耕地，农耕地管理引起动生物多样性降低和植物群落栖息环境碎片化、退化和消失等。如果国际草田实施粮草轮作、粮草畜协同发展、科学放牧和饲养管理、粮草同等种植优惠政策等，不仅可以提高土地生产力，而且有利于保护生态环境和人类生存可持续发展。

关键词: 国际草田耕作, 威胁, 对策

Abstract:

The pasture-crop system, including arable lands and grasslands, is food resource and habitats for human beings and animals. This system is confronting serious threats from climate change, population increase and water and energy shortages. In order to improve land productivity and to feed the increasing population, some developed and developing countries have converted grasslands to arable lands during the last few decades. Grasslands were substituted by arable lands and be changed into simplified systems, which were associated with a substantial decline in biodiversity and habitats loss, degradation and fragmentation. Many researchers and scientists have suggested strategies and policies implementing in international pasture-crop systems. Those strategies and policies include pasture and crop rotation, crop planting cooperative development with pasture planting and livestock feeding, Scientific grazing and feeding management, and the same preferential policy for both crop planting and pasture planting. Those strategies and policies not only increase lands productivity, but also protect the ecological environment, which are beneficial to human sustainable development.

Key words: International pasture-crop system, Threat, Resolution

中图分类号:

王琦, 师尚礼, 曹文侠. 当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(1): 26-31.

WANG Qi, SHI Shang-li, CAO Wen-xia. The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(1): 26-31.

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当前国际草田耕作面临的威胁及采取对策

The Threats and Resolutions of International Pasture-crop Farming Systems at Present

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