荒漠草原不同家庭牧场生产效率评价研究——以四子王旗为例

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.05.029

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 1263-1272.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.05.029

荒漠草原不同家庭牧场生产效率评价研究——以四子王旗为例

鞠馨, 哈洁, 王冰莹, 陈晨, 李治国, 韩国栋

内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

收稿日期:2021-09-16 修回日期:2022-02-14 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-06-06
通讯作者: 李治国,E-mail:nmghanguodong@163.com;韩国栋,E-mail:nmndlzg@163.com
作者简介:鞠馨(1997-),女,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,博士研究生,主要从事草地资源生态与管理研究,E-mail:juxinimau@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项项目(2016YFC0500504);内蒙古重大专项(ZDZX2018020)和草地资源可持续利用教育部科技创新团队(IRT_17R59);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目"内蒙古草原牧区家庭牧场草畜资源优化配置技术示范推广"(2019CG069);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目"荒漠草原生态修复与草畜平衡发展模式研究及示范"(2020GG0100)资助

Analysis on Livestock Production Efficiency of Different Household Ranches in Desert Steppe:A Case Study from Siziwang Banner

JU Xin, HA Jie, WANG Bing-ying, CHEN Chen, LI Zhi-guo, HAN Guo-dong

College of Grassland and Resource Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China

Received:2021-09-16 Revised:2022-02-14 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 家庭牧场是草原牧区的主要生产经营单元，生产效率直接影响着牧场的经济效益，同时也是评价畜牧业可持续发展的重要指标之一。本研究基于四子王旗89户牧户的半结构调研问卷，依据草场面积划分为小型牧户(SH)、中型牧户(MH)、较大型牧户(RLH)和大型牧户(LH)，通过构建以投入为导向、规模报酬可变的DEA-BCC模型、DEA-ost模型以及Tobit模型进行效率测算和影响因素分析。结果显示，内蒙古荒漠草原牧户的综合技术效率(0.764)处于较低水平，尤其是中小牧户的综合技术效率相对偏低，即在当前的技术及管理水平下，荒漠草原牧户的综合技术效率具有很大的提升空间；根据Tobit模型的回归结果，影响生产效率的主要因素是畜牧业支出比例和牧户载畜率，且畜牧业支出比例和牧户载畜率与技术效率和成本效率呈现显著负相关关系，因此，建议牧户通过减少家畜养殖成本投入、发展适度规模养殖、合理增加人工草地面积等方式提升牧场生产效率，以期实现家庭牧场的可持续发展。

关键词: 家庭牧场, 数据包络分析, 生产效率, Tobit模型

Abstract: Household ranch is the mainly unit for production and management in grassland pastoral areas. Production efficiency directly affects the economic benefits of farm,and it is also one of the important indicators for evaluating the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Based on the semi-structured survey questionnaire of 89 household ranches in Siziwang Banner,they were divided into four groups,small herdsmen (SH),medium-sized herdsmen (MH),larger herdsmen (RLH) and large herdsmen (LH) according to the grassland area. Input-oriented,variable returns to scale DEA-BCC model,DEA-Cost model and Tobit model were used to measure efficiency and analyze influencing factors. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency (0.764) of desert grassland herdsmen in Inner Mongolia was at a low level,especially the comprehensive technical efficiency of small and medium-sized herdsmen was relatively low. That is,under the current technical and management level,the comprehensive technical efficiency of desert grassland herdsmen has great room for improvement;Using Tobit model regression,it was found that the main factors affecting the production efficiency were the proportion of animal husbandry expenditure and the livestock carrying rate of herdsmen,and the proportion of animal husbandry expenditure and the livestock carrying rate of herdsmen showed a significant negative correlation with technical efficiency and cost efficiency. Therefore,the production efficiency can be improved by reducing the cost of livestock raised,developing an appropriate animal number,and increasing the artificial pasture area in order to achieving sustainable development of household ranches.

Key words: Family ranch, Data envelopment analysis, Production efficiency, Tobit model

中图分类号:

S812.5

鞠馨, 哈洁, 王冰莹, 陈晨, 李治国, 韩国栋. 荒漠草原不同家庭牧场生产效率评价研究——以四子王旗为例[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(5): 1263-1272.

JU Xin, HA Jie, WANG Bing-ying, CHEN Chen, LI Zhi-guo, HAN Guo-dong. Analysis on Livestock Production Efficiency of Different Household Ranches in Desert Steppe:A Case Study from Siziwang Banner[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(5): 1263-1272.

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荒漠草原不同家庭牧场生产效率评价研究——以四子王旗为例

Analysis on Livestock Production Efficiency of Different Household Ranches in Desert Steppe:A Case Study from Siziwang Banner

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