兰州市永登县不同草地类型植物多样性特征及其影响因子分析

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.023

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 2603-2614.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.023

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

兰州市永登县不同草地类型植物多样性特征及其影响因子分析

郭万里^1,2, 刘爽达^2,3, 吴凡^1,2, 王兰兰⁴, 刘旻霞³, 张吉宇^1,2

1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730020;
3. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
4. 兰州植物园, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2025-02-03 修回日期:2025-03-27 发布日期:2026-07-02
通讯作者: 刘旻霞，E-mail:xiaminl@163.com;张吉宇，E-mail:zhangjy@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:郭万里（1995-），男，汉族，甘肃平凉人，博士，主要从事草地生态修复研究，E-mail:guowl2023@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省科技重大专项计划（23ZDNA009）；兰州市野生草本植物资源调查（GSCLZBDL2022-004，GSCLZBDL2023-004）资助

Analysis of Plant Diversity Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Different Grassland Types of Yongdeng County， Lanzhou City

GUO Wan-li^1,2, LIU Shuang-da^2,3, WU Fan^1,2, WANG Lan-lan⁴, LIU Min-xia³, ZHANG Ji-yu^1,2

1. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Argo-ecosystems, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China;
3. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
4. Lanzhou Botanical Garden, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China

Received:2025-02-03 Revised:2025-03-27 Published:2026-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草本植物多样性分布格局及其驱动机制是制定生态保护策略的关键科学依据。本研究以兰州市永登县为研究区，采用网格样方法，系统调查了温性草原、温性荒漠草原、高寒草甸和栽培草地四种生境下的草本植物群落，并探究了地形与土壤因子对物种多样性的影响。结果表明：（1）研究区共记录野生草本植物53科197属356种，以禾本科、菊科和豆科为优势科（占总种数的38%）。（2）地形因子对多样性的影响具有生境特异性：alpha多样性指数随海拔的变化趋势在不同草地类型间差异显著，其中温性草原的响应最为敏感；物种丰富度对坡度和坡向呈现显著的单峰非线性响应，由于水热条件的差异，阴坡及平缓坡度的物种丰富度最高。（3）土壤养分是驱动多样性变化的重要因素：物种丰富度与土壤总碳呈正相关，而与土壤总氮、全磷呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。（4）多变量分析进一步揭示，物种丰富度主要受土壤碳含量的驱动（P<0.05），辛普森指数与土壤磷含量极显著相关（P<0.01），香农-维纳指数则与均匀度指数存在显著的协同变化关系（P<0.05）。

关键词: 草本植物多样性, 草地类型, 环境驱动因素, 地形, 土壤养分, 永登县

Abstract: Elucidating the distribution patterns and driving mechanisms of herbaceous plant diversity provides a critical scientific basis for developing ecological protection strategies. This study conducted a systematic survey of herbaceous plant communities in Yongdeng County， Lanzhou City， using a grid sampling method. We investigated four distinct habitat types-temperate steppe， temperate desert steppe， alpine meadow， and cultivated grassland-to explore the effects of topographic and soil factors on species diversity. The results indicated that：（1） A total of 356 wild herbaceous species belonging to 197 genera and 53 families were recorded. Poaceae， Asteraceae， and Fabaceae were the 3 dominant families， accounting for 38% of the total species richness. （2） The effects of topographic factors on diversity were habitat-specific. The trends of alpha-diversity indices along the elevational gradient differed significantly among grassland types， with the temperate steppe showing the most sensitive response. Species richness exhibited a significant unimodal non-linear response to slope gradient and aspect； notably， species richness peaked on shady slopes and gentle slopes due to favorable hydrothermal conditions. （3） Soil nutrients were identified as key drivers of diversity variation. Species richness was positively correlated with soil total carbon， but it showed significant negative correlations with soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus （P<0.05）. （4） Multivariate analysis further revealed that species richness was primarily driven by soil carbon content （P<0.01）. The Simpson index was significantly correlated with soil phosphorus content （P<0.01）， while the Shannon-Wiener index showed a significant co-variation with the evenness index （P<0.05）.

Key words: Herbaceous plant diversity, Grassland types, Environmental drivers, Topography, Soil nutrients, Yongdeng County

中图分类号:

S812

郭万里, 刘爽达, 吴凡, 王兰兰, 刘旻霞, 张吉宇. 兰州市永登县不同草地类型植物多样性特征及其影响因子分析[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(7): 2603-2614.

GUO Wan-li, LIU Shuang-da, WU Fan, WANG Lan-lan, LIU Min-xia, ZHANG Ji-yu. Analysis of Plant Diversity Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Different Grassland Types of Yongdeng County， Lanzhou City[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(7): 2603-2614.

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兰州市永登县不同草地类型植物多样性特征及其影响因子分析

Analysis of Plant Diversity Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Different Grassland Types of Yongdeng County， Lanzhou City

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