桑树/苜蓿间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2013.03.013

›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 494-500.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2013.03.013

桑树/苜蓿间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响

胡举伟¹, 朱文旭², 张会慧¹, 孙广玉¹

1. 东北林业大学生命科学学院, 哈尔滨黑龙江 150040;
2. 林木遗传育种国家重点实验室中国林业科学研究院林业研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2012-12-17 修回日期:2013-02-04 出版日期:2013-06-15 发布日期:2013-06-05
通讯作者: 孙广玉
作者简介:胡举伟(1988- ),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物营养生理,E-mail:hujuwei1988@yahoo.cn
基金资助:
国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD08B02-3);黑龙江省重大科技攻关项目(GA09B201-02);东北林业大学学术名师支持计划项目资助

Effects of Mulberry/Alfalfa Intercropping on Their Growth, the Utilization of Land and Light Resource

HU Ju-wei¹, ZHU Wen-xu², ZHANG Hui-hui¹, SUN Guang-yu¹

1. College of Life Science, Northeast Forest University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China

Received:2012-12-17 Revised:2013-02-04 Online:2013-06-15 Published:2013-06-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以桑树(Morus alba L.)/苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)间作系统为研究对象,探讨其生长特性、根际土壤养分含量、土壤酶活性、土地利用率以及桑树和苜蓿光合特性,旨在提高松嫩平原牧区的饲草产量。结果表明:在第2次刈割时,间作桑树的株高、叶生物量、茎生物量和叶片粗蛋白含量分别比单作桑树增加了9.2%,36.4%,61.1%和12.7%;间作苜蓿的株高、主茎分枝数、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量和粗蛋白含量分别比单作苜蓿增加了8.7%,26.7%,11.4%,20.5%和21.4%。间作桑树根际土壤的有机氮含量、速效氮含量、脲酶活性分别比单作桑树增加了3.3%,21.5%和32.7%;间作苜蓿根际土壤的有机氮含量、速效氮含量、脲酶活性分别比单作苜蓿增加了3.4%,26.6%和32.3%。桑树/苜蓿间作系统的土地当量比(LER)为1.29,大于1。间作桑树的光饱和点(LSP)、光补偿点(LCP)和最大净光合速率(P_max)分别比单作桑树提高了15.0%,39.3%和20.7%;间作苜蓿的LSP,LCP和P_max分别比单作苜蓿降低了15.6%,33.9%和17.6%,桑树/苜蓿间作增加了桑树和苜蓿的表观量子效率(AQY)。研究表明桑树/苜蓿间作提高了桑树对强光和苜蓿对弱光的利用能力,从而使间作体系表现出明显的产量优势。

关键词: 桑树, 苜蓿, 间作, 生长, 光合

Abstract: An experiment was conducted by intercropping mulberry (Morus alba L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The growth characteristics, soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity in rhizosphere soil, land use efficiency and the photosynthesis characteristics of mulberry and alfalfa in the intercropping system were investigated. The purpose was to improve the yield of forage grass in the pastoral areas of Songnen plain. Results showed that the plant height, leaf biomass, stem biomass, and crude protein content of intercropping mulberry in second cutting time were increased 9.2%, 36.4%, 61.1% and 12.7% compared with mono-cropping mulberry, respectively. The plant height, branch numbers, and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and crude protein contents of intercropping alfalfa were increased 8.7%, 26.7%, 11.4%, 20.5% and 21.4% compared with mono-cropping alfalfa, respectively. Organic and available nitrogen contents, urease activity of intercropping mulberry in rhizosphere soil were increased 3.3%, 21.5%, 32.7% compared with mono-cropping mulberry, respectively. Organic and available nitrogen contents, urease activity of intercropping alfalfa in rhizosphere soil were increased 3.4%, 26.6%, 32.3% compared with mono-cropping alfalfa, respectively. The land equivalent ratio of mulberry/alfalfa intercropping system was 1.29 and land utilization ratio was enhanced. Light saturated point (LSP), light compensation points (LCP) and photosynthetic rate at light saturation (P_max) of intercropping mulberry were significantly increased 15.0%, 39.3%, and 20.7%, compared with that of mono-cropping mulberry, respectively. LSP, LCP and P_max of intercropping alfalfa were reduced 15.6%, 33.9%, and 17.6% compared with mono-cropping alfalfa, respectively. Intercropping mulberry/alfalfa enhanced the apparent quantum yield (AQY) of mulberry and alfalfa. It indicated that intercropping mulberry/alfalfa enhanced mulberry to the utilization efficiency of strong light and alfalfa to the utilization efficiency of weak light, and mulberry/alfalfa intercropping system had an obvious yield advantage.

Key words: Mulberry, Alfalfa, Intercropping, Growth, Photosynthesis

中图分类号:

Q945.1

胡举伟, 朱文旭, 张会慧, 孙广玉. 桑树/苜蓿间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响[J]. , 2013, 21(3): 494-500.

HU Ju-wei, ZHU Wen-xu, ZHANG Hui-hui, SUN Guang-yu. Effects of Mulberry/Alfalfa Intercropping on Their Growth, the Utilization of Land and Light Resource[J]. , 2013, 21(3): 494-500.

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桑树/苜蓿间作对其生长及土地和光资源利用能力的影响

Effects of Mulberry/Alfalfa Intercropping on Their Growth, the Utilization of Land and Light Resource

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