草地学报

›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 643-650.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2010.05.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

九寨沟马脑壳金矿山优势草本植物生物量的垂直分布格局

李武斌1, 何丙辉2, 钟章成1, 王力1, 齐代华1, 张兴华3, 娄方海3, 苟小军3   

  1. 1. 西南大学生命科学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆, 北碚, 400715;
    2. 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆, 北碚, 400716;
    3. 四川九寨沟县马脑壳金矿有限责任公司, 四川, 九寨沟, 623400
  • 收稿日期:2010-04-25 修回日期:2010-07-09 出版日期:2010-10-15 发布日期:2010-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 王力,E-mail:qjwangli@163.com
  • 作者简介:李武斌(1973- ),男,重庆开县人,博士研究生,研究方向为生态恢复、水土保持和生态农业,E-mail:liwubincq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金重点资助项目(CSTC-2008BA7032);西南大学博士基金资助项目(109009);四川九寨沟马脑壳金矿公司生态恢复专项基金资助

Vertical Spatial Distribution Patterns of Dominant Herbs Biomass in Jiuzhaigou Manaoke Golden Mine Valley Sichuan,China

LI Wu-bin1, HE Bing-hui2, ZHONG Zhang-cheng1, WANG Li1, QI Dai-hua1, ZHANG Xing-hua3, LOU Fang-hai3, GOU Xiao-jun3   

  1. 1. College of Life Science, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in Three Gorge Reservoirs Region, Ministry of Education, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716;
    3. Manaoke Golden Mine Ltd.Co.of Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan Province 623400, China
  • Received:2010-04-25 Revised:2010-07-09 Online:2010-10-15 Published:2010-10-15

PDF

摘要： 于2008年通过对矿山开采区、排渣区(包括排土区)同生境原生草地植被调查的基础上,选择糙野青茅(Deyeuxila scabrescens (Griseb.) Munro)、羊茅(Festuca ovina L.)、四川嵩草(Kobresia setchwanensis Hand.-Mazz.)、白顶早熟禾(Poa acroleuca Steud.)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans Griseb.)等5种优势乡土草本植物,研究其生物量垂直空间分布格局,为矿山生态恢复效果、多样性评价及物种筛选等提供基础数据。结果表明:在调查区内,D.scabrescens和F.ovina分布的范围广、盖度高(分别为18.86%和15.29%)、其生物量(分别为2003.74 kg·hm-2,1507.42 kg·hm-2)也高。5种草本生物量大小排序为D.scabrescens>F.ovina>K.setchwanensis>P.acroleuca>E.nutans,其地上生物量与地下生物量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。总体上看,草本总生物量随海拔的升高呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,5种优势草本生物量与海拔显著相关(P<0.01),但各优势种生物量大小随海拔变化关系不尽一致;草本生物量随坡度变化较大,坡脊生物量较坡谷低;草本盖度随季节有一定的变化。因此,矿山生态恢复过程中恢复物种的搭配应考虑物种生长季节的变化,增加物种多样性以及系统稳定性;同时应注意有效利用矿山资源。

关键词: 空间分布格局, 矿山, 生态恢复, 优势草本, 生物量, 季节变化

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of ecological restoration and biodiversity,as well as screen species,five dominant aboriginal herb species(ie.Deyeuxila scabrescens(Griseb.) Munro,Festuca ovina L.,Kobresia setchwanensis Hand.-Mazz.,Poa acroleuca Steud.and Elymus nutans Griseb.) were selected to study dimensional allocation of biomass based on bio-diversity investigation at the similar habitat in Manaoke Mine in 2008.Results show that: the distribution and coverage of D.scabrescens(18.86%) and F.ovina(15.29%) is greater among five species in the survey area while their biomass(is 2003.74 kg/hm2 and 1507.42 kg/hm2 respectively) is also larger.The sequence of the five herbs’ aver-biomass is D.scabrescens>F.ovina>K.setchwanensis>P.acroleuca>E.nutans.Their aboveground biomass has significant positive correlation with their underground biomass(P<0.01).The five herbs’ biomass are significantly rates with their altitude distribution(P<0.01).However,there are different relationships among five species between biomass and altitude distribution.The herb biomass of slope-ridge is apparently smaller than that of slope-valley.The coverage of dominant herb species changes with the seasons.Finally,the article emphasizes that different herb species should be selected to restore the Mine with different altitudes,slope gradients and seasons for maintaining biodiversity and eco-system stability.Meanwhile the resources of Mine should be used effectively.

Key words: Spatial distribution pattern, Mine, Restoration ecology, Dominant herbs, Biomass, Season change

中图分类号: