江河源区“黑土滩”退化草地秃斑与鼠洞的分形特征

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2010.04.001

›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 477-484.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2010.04.001

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

江河源区“黑土滩”退化草地秃斑与鼠洞的分形特征

林慧龙, 王钊齐, 尚占环

兰州大学青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心, 草地农业科技学院, 兰州, 730020

收稿日期:2010-01-26 修回日期:2010-04-08 出版日期:2010-08-15 发布日期:2010-08-15
作者简介:林慧龙(1965- ),男,辽宁沈阳市人,教授,博士,主要从事青藏高原高寒草地生态系统管理与可持续发展的教学与研究工作,E-mail:linhuilong@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(30730069);甘肃省科技计划(096RJZA052)资助

Features on Fractal Dimension of Barren Patch and Mouse Hole among Different Degenerated Succession Stages on Alpine Meadow in the Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow River,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

LIN Hui-long, WANG Zhao-qi, SHANG Zhan-huan

College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, International Center for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Prorince 730020, China

Received:2010-01-26 Revised:2010-04-08 Online:2010-08-15 Published:2010-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年由于自然和人为因素的双重影响,导致三江源高寒草甸发生不同程度的退化。综合分析草地土壤斑块(鼠洞和秃斑)形成的规律,对揭示高寒草甸退化机理极为重要。于2009年7-8月对高寒草甸在不同退化梯度下的标志之一——土壤斑块(鼠洞和秃斑)特征进行了调查与分析。结果表明:重度退化区斑块多样性指数是中度退化区的5.14倍;中度退化区秃斑斑块密度为鼠洞的2.83倍,而重度退化区样线上鼠洞的个数是秃斑的2.8倍;重度退化区中、低和亚低坡是鼠害高发区,各坡段鼠洞总面积和鼠洞破碎度指数大体呈现反变关系,鼠洞形状和分形维数与退化程度相关;各坡段秃斑总面积和秃斑破碎度指数并不严格呈现反变关系;秃斑形状与退化程度相关;在同一退化程度的尺度范围秃斑图形具有统计自相似性,不同的退化程度构成了秃斑的等级结构。由于不同斑块对于放牧侵蚀的功能不同,因此,不同斑块的不同形状特征对于土壤侵蚀的意义有待进一步探索。

关键词: 江河源区, 高寒草甸, 退化草地, 秃斑, 鼠洞, 形状指数, 分形维数

Abstract: In recent years,the alpine meadow in the Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow River had diverse degrees of degradation due to natural and human disturbance.Comprehensive analysis of formulational law for bare-ground gaps(mouse holes and barren patch) on the alpine meadow is crucial to reveal the degradation mechanisms of alpine meadow.During July-August 2009,a survey and analysis features of bare-ground gaps(mouse holes and barren patch) on the alpine meadow in different gradient of degraded meadow were conducted.Results indicate that the Patch diversity index in heavy degraded meadows is 2.8 times than that observed in medium degraded meadows.Barren patch density in Medium degraded meadow is 2.83 than that of mouse holes,meanwhile the number of mouse holes on the sample lines is 2.8 times the barren patch seen in Heavy degraded meadows.The mouse holes mainly occurr in medium,low slope and sub-low slope of heavy degraded meadows,while the relationship between total area and fragmentation degree of mouse holes has a negative correlation.The shape index and fractal dimension of mouse holes relate the degree of degradation.There are no linear relationships between total area and fragmentation degree of barren patch.The shape index of barren patch relates the degree of degradation.The graphics of barren patch have the self similarity at the same degradation area.The hierarchical structure of barren patches is constituted among different degradation stages.As different patches have different functions for grazing-induced erosion,the significance regarding different shape characteristics of patches for grazing-induced erosion remains further investigating.

Key words: Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow River, Alpine Meadow, Degraded grassland, Barren patch, Mouse hole, Shape index, Fractal dimension

中图分类号:

S812.2

林慧龙, 王钊齐, 尚占环. 江河源区“黑土滩”退化草地秃斑与鼠洞的分形特征[J]. , 2010, 18(4): 477-484.

LIN Hui-long, WANG Zhao-qi, SHANG Zhan-huan. Features on Fractal Dimension of Barren Patch and Mouse Hole among Different Degenerated Succession Stages on Alpine Meadow in the Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow River,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J]. , 2010, 18(4): 477-484.

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江河源区“黑土滩”退化草地秃斑与鼠洞的分形特征

Features on Fractal Dimension of Barren Patch and Mouse Hole among Different Degenerated Succession Stages on Alpine Meadow in the Source Region of the Yangtze and Yellow River,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

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