草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 3300-3306.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.10.018

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

苜蓿生长对盐渍土壤中水盐垂直运移的影响

原琦峰1,2, 曹亚丽2, 白桂月2,3, 王瑜2, 谢开云1, 何峰2   

  1. 1. 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
    3. 云南农业大学, 云南 昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 修回日期:2025-02-11 发布日期:2025-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 谢开云,E-mail:xjndxky@xjau.edu.cn;何峰,E-mail:hefeng@cass.com
  • 作者简介:谢开云,E-mail:xjndxky@xjau.edu.cn;何峰,E-mail:hefeng@cass.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省重大科技支撑计划项目“滨海中度盐碱区生态草牧业技术模式集成与示范”(242N7501Z);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助

Effects of Alfalfa Growth on Vertical Transport of Water and Salt in Saline Soil

YUAN Qi-feng1,2, CAO Ya-li2, BAI Gui-yue2,3, WANG Yu2, XIE Kai-yun1, HE Feng2   

  1. 1. College of Grassland, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Science of CAAS, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China
  • Received:2024-11-18 Revised:2025-02-11 Published:2025-10-17

摘要: 紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)具有改良盐渍土壤的作用,但苜蓿生长对水分和盐离子在土壤垂直方向的运移的影响尚不清楚。本研究采用土柱盆栽模拟原位盐渍土的方法,对种植苜蓿(MT)和地表裸露(CK)两个处理下的不同层次土壤体积含水量、电导率(Electrical conductivity,EC)、主要盐离子含量及地下生物量的变化进行了研究。结果表明:MT处理0~10 cm,10~20 cm,20~30 cm,30~40 cm和40~50 cm的土壤体积含水量显著低于CK,总体积含水量比CK降低66%;MT和CK处理的EC值随着土壤深度的增加逐渐增加,在30~40 cm土层中,MT处理后EC值为1.79 mS·cm-1,相比于CK处理增加了0.99 mS·cm-1P<0.05),八大盐离子中,MT处理后Ca2+,K+,Mg2+,Na+,SO42-,Cl-含量显著高于CK处理(P<0.05);Na+和Cl-移动能力显著高于其他盐离子,不同土层中Na+含量和Cl-含量与苜蓿地下生物量呈显著负相关。苜蓿生长过程改变了盐碱土壤垂直方向的水盐运移过程,促进了盐离子向下运动,该研究结果可为利用苜蓿改良盐碱地提供数据支撑。

关键词: 苜蓿, 盐离子, 土壤含水量, 电导率

Abstract: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) demonstrates significant potential for improving saline soil, however, the effects of alfalfa growth on vertical movement of soil water and salt ion remain poorly understood. This study employed soil column pot experiments to simulate in situ saline soil conditions, comparing two treatments: alfalfa cultivation (MT) versus bare soil (CK). We systematically investigated treatment effects on vertical dynamics of soil water, electrical conductivity (EC), major salt ions, and underground biomass across different soil layers. The results showed that the soil water content across the five layers, including 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm and 40~50 cm, was significantly lower in the MT treatment than that of the CK treatment. The MT treatment showed an average 66% decrease in soil water content relative to CK. Both treatments demonstrated depth-dependent increases of EC values. In the 30-40 cm soil layer, the MT treatment showed significantly higher EC (1.79 mS·cm-1) compared to CK (0.80 mS·cm-1), representing a 0.99 mS·cm-1 increase (P<0.05). Among the eight major salt ions, six ions (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, SO42-, and Cl-) exhibited significantly higher concentrations (P<0.05) in the MT treatment compared to CK. Notably, Na+ and Cl- demonstrated greater mobility than the other ions, with their soil content showing a significant negative correlation (P<0.05) with alfalfa underground biomass. Alfalfa growth altered the vertical water and salt migration in saline soil, promoting downward migration of salt ions. These findings provide evidence for improving saline soil through alfalfa’s cultivation.

Key words: Alfalfa, Salt ions, Soil water content, Electrical conductivity

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