Abstract: The inter-behavior of Brandt’s voles under male competition circumstance was studied in laboratory,and the results showed:(1) When the female vole was in the estrous state,the dominant male would attack the subordinate male frequently,would self-groom,and mate with the female repeatedly with long duration.Though the subordinate male would try to do the same,it did with less frequency.Moreover,the female preferred to mate with the dominant male first.Often the subordinate male scampered,showing that it tried to run away,or that it was excited.(2) When the female vole was in non-estrous conditions,inter-sniffing between the dominant male and the female was more often than that between the subordinate male and the female,while the dominant male attacking the female and the subordinate male was also more frequent than the inferior male assaulting the other two.The inferior male also scampered repeatedly.(3) When an inferior male stayed close to female voles,its aggressive actions were more frequently against the estrous one than the non-estrous ones.Staying close to non-estrous females,the male voles remained more often amicable toward one another than when there were estrous females.These results showed that female Brandt’s voles could distinguish the social status of male voles and preferred mating with dominant males;while the physiological status of female voles could also influence the behavior of male voles.

Key words: Brandt's vole, Female choice, Male competition

摘要： 在雄性竞争条件下,不同动情雌性布氏田鼠与雄鼠之间行为观察表明:(1)雌鼠动情状态下,优势雄鼠的攻击、自我修饰行为以及交配频次与交配时间均显著高于从属雄鼠,并具有交配优先权;优先被动情雌性选择交配。而从属雄鼠则表现出更频繁的上跳(逃跑或亢奋)行为。(2)当雌鼠处于非动情状态下,雌鼠与优势雄鼠间的相互嗅问行为频次显著高于雌鼠与从属鼠;优势鼠对雌鼠和从属雄鼠的攻击行为频次均显著高于从属鼠对雌鼠和优势雄鼠的攻击;从属鼠也表现出频繁的上跳行为。(3)在与不同雌鼠动情状态下共栖时,从属雄鼠对动情雌鼠的攻击行为频次显著高于对非动情雌鼠;优势雄鼠和从属雄鼠,与非动情雌鼠的友好行为频次均高于雌鼠;与非动情状态雌鼠共栖,雄鼠之间的友好行为频次显著高于动情雌鼠状态。(4)雌鼠动情状态和雄鼠等级会影响雌雄鼠之间的相互行为,动情雌鼠优先与优势雄鼠交配。

关键词: 布氏田鼠, 雄性竞争, 雌性选择