Abstract:

The 16 kinds of forages from hulunbuir grassland were selected as test materials. The nitrate contents of silages were tested using sulfosalicylicaid method and the nitrite contents were tested using Griess-saltzman method. Results showed that all 16 kinds of forage silages had nitrate and nitrite. The nitrate contents of these forage silages ranged from 31.00 to 71.27 mg·kg^-1, British inula (Inula britanica)had the highest content of nitrate, followed by Fringed sagebrush (Artemisia frigida) and Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), Couchgrass (Elytrigria repens)and Garden burnet (Sanguisorba officinalis) had the lowest contents. The highest nitrite content was 2.45 mg·kg^-1 in Girald wormwood (Artemisia glauca), and Membranous milkvetch (Astragalus penduliflorus) had the lowest nitrite content with 0.10 mg·kg^-1. Analysis of variance indicated that both nitrate contents and nitrite contents had highly significant difference among tested forage silages(P<0.01). According to hygienical standard for feeds, the nitrate contents and nitrite contents of these tested forage silages are all within the allowable limits.

Key words: Silage, Nitrate, Nitrite, Hulunbuir grassland

摘要：

选取呼伦贝尔草原16种牧草作为试验材料进行青贮,采用水杨酸法和盐酸萘乙二胺法分别测定各青贮饲料的硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐含量.结果表明:硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐在这16种牧草青贮饲料中均有检出.硝酸盐含量在31.00~71.27 mg·kg^-1之间,其中含量最高的为欧亚旋覆花(Inula britanica),其次为冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)、冰草(Agropyron cristatum),含量最低的是偃麦草(Elytrigria repens)和地榆(Sanguisorba officinalis).亚硝酸盐含量最高的是灰蒿(Artemisia glauca),达2.45 mg·kg^-1;最低的是黄芪(Astragalus penduliflorus),为0.10 mg·kg^-1.各牧草青贮饲料之间硝酸盐含量和亚硝酸盐含量均有极显著差异(P<0.01).根据饲料卫生标准,这16种牧草青贮饲料中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量均在允许范围之内.

关键词: 青贮饲料, 硝酸盐, 亚硝酸盐, 呼伦贝尔草原